Upper motor neuron evaluation in multiple sclerosis patients treated with Sativex<sup>®</sup>

Carotenuto, Antonio; Iodice, Rosa; Petracca, Maria; Inglese, Matilde; Cerillo, Ilaria; Cocozza, Sirio; Saiote, Catarina; Brunetti, Arturo; Tedeschi, Enrico; Manganelli, Fiore; Orefice, G

doi:10.1111/ane.12660

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Thus, variables derived using TMS could help to: (1) provide a better understanding of neuropathophysiological events involved in the onset and sequelae of MS [32], (2) predict disease severity and progression for prognostication purposes, and (3) investigate whether rehabilitation therapies [50] and pharmacological treatments [5] are truly acting on the central nervous system to enhance neuroplasticity and recovery [27]. Although recent work has recognized the potential role of TMS in providing biomarkers of central nervous system functioning in MS, conclusions were based on small studies that demonstrated a high risk of bias [27].…”

Section: Transcallosal Inhibition and The Ipsilateral Silent Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Certain biomarkers provide information on neurophysiological processes related to neurologic disease, which allows researchers to predict potential for disease recovery and understand mechanisms of prospective treatments. This is critical information needed to determine how neurorehabilitation may alter neuroplasticity in heterogeneous disorders of the central nervous system such as stroke and multiple sclerosis (MS) [2][3][4][5]. Some biomarkers can be collected and assayed from biological fluid such blood [6,7] or cerebrospinal fluid [7], while others could involve sophisticated imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [3,8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Probing the Brain–Body Connection Using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS): Validating a Promising Tool to Provide Biomarkers of Neuroplasticity and Central Nervous System Function

et al. 2021

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Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive method used to investigate neurophysiological integrity of the human neuromotor system. We describe in detail, the methodology of a single pulse TMS protocol that was performed in a large cohort of people (n = 110) with multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim was to establish and validate a core-set of TMS variables that predicted typical MS clinical outcomes: walking speed, hand dexterity, fatigue, and cognitive processing speed. We provide a brief and simple methodological pipeline to examine excitatory and inhibitory corticospinal mechanisms in MS that map to clinical status. Delayed and longer ipsilateral silent period (a measure of transcallosal inhibition; the influence of one brain hemisphere’s activity over the other), longer cortical silent period (suggestive of greater corticospinal inhibition via GABA) and higher resting motor threshold (lower corticospinal excitability) most strongly related to clinical outcomes, especially when measured in the hemisphere corresponding to the weaker hand. Greater interhemispheric asymmetry (imbalance between hemispheres) correlated with poorer performance in the greatest number of clinical outcomes. We also show, not surprisingly, that TMS variables related more strongly to motor outcomes than non-motor outcomes. As it was validated in a large sample of patients with varying severities of central nervous system dysfunction, the protocol described herein can be used by investigators and clinicians alike to investigate the role of TMS as a biomarker in MS and other central nervous system disorders.

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Section: Transcallosal Inhibition and The Ipsilateral Silent Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the Brain–Body Connection Using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS): Validating a Promising Tool to Provide Biomarkers of Neuroplasticity and Central Nervous System Function

et al. 2021

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“…It also has a metaplastic effect on the motor cortex but upper motor neurons are spared. This is the main reason behind its analgesic property, improving sensory responses and evoked potentials [156][157][158][159]. However, in an Italian population of patients with MS, around 40% of patients were resistant to the anti-spastic action of the drug [160].…”

Section: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Als)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocannabinoidome and its role in neurological disorders-A comprehensive update of existing literature

Dutta¹

2021

J Neurosci Neurol Disord

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Medical benefits of cannabis and related compounds is widely known. Discovery of psychotropic plant cannabinoid Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol have urged researchers to study more about the cannabinoid system and related therapeutics in the field of neurology and medicine. Where activation of cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) yielded in unwanted and serious side effects, discovery of cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2R) and its ligands gave a new hope. Till now there is limited success in this field because of complex expanded endocannabinoid system comprising of receptors, ligands and enzymes. In this review we will update about the role of endocannabinoidome relevant to neurological disorders.

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“…Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is one of the most common motor neuron diseases in adults, which is more common than middle age [1], [2]. It selectively involves upper and lower motor neurons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Motor Neuron Injury in ALS by Different Parameters of Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Sang

2020

IEEE Access

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease involving upper and lower motoneurons selectively. The injury of lower motoneurons is closely related to the onset, progression and prognosis of ALS. Therefore, the assessment of the injury of lower motoneurons is of great significance to ALS. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a new imaging method improved and developed on the basis of diffusion weighted imaging. It uses the anisotropic principle of diffusion movement of water molecules to quantify it from multiple directions, so as to reflect the changes of fine structure and function of living tissues. It can be more objective to find the damage of the upper motor neurons, help the early diagnosis of ALS, and objectively monitor and evaluate the development and treatment of ALS. In this paper, the research and application of different parameters of diffusion tensor imaging to evaluate the motor neuron injury in ALS were studied. Patients with motor neuron injury in ALS were collected as case group and healthy volunteers as control group. The diagnostic value of different parameters of axial DTI in ALS was discussed. The FA and MD values of the pyramidal tract in ALS patients have obvious changes compared with those in healthy people. It can objectively and quantitatively evaluate the pathological changes of the pyramidal tract in ALS patients, and provide valuable information for the diagnosis of ALS. The FA value is more sensitive, and the posterior limb of the internal capsule may be the best place to evaluate the damage of the pyramidal tract. In a word, DTI can objectively and quantitatively evaluate the lesions of pyramidal tract, provide valuable information for the diagnosis of ALS, and hope to provide help for the establishment, diagnosis, evaluation, prognosis, scientific research and drug test of ALS motor nerve injury. INDEX TERMS Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), motor neuron injury (MN), evaluation parameters.

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Upper motor neuron evaluation in multiple sclerosis patients treated with Sativex^®

Abstract: We confirm the presence of CST impairment in MS patients with spasticity. We did not identify structural/electrophysiological correlates that could explain Sativex clinical effect.

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

Probing the Brain–Body Connection Using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS): Validating a Promising Tool to Provide Biomarkers of Neuroplasticity and Central Nervous System Function

Probing the Brain–Body Connection Using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS): Validating a Promising Tool to Provide Biomarkers of Neuroplasticity and Central Nervous System Function

Endocannabinoidome and its role in neurological disorders-A comprehensive update of existing literature

Evaluation of Motor Neuron Injury in ALS by Different Parameters of Diffusion Tensor Imaging

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Upper motor neuron evaluation in multiple sclerosis patients treated with Sativex®

Abstract: We confirm the presence of CST impairment in MS patients with spasticity. We did not identify structural/electrophysiological correlates that could explain Sativex clinical effect.

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

Probing the Brain–Body Connection Using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS): Validating a Promising Tool to Provide Biomarkers of Neuroplasticity and Central Nervous System Function

Probing the Brain–Body Connection Using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS): Validating a Promising Tool to Provide Biomarkers of Neuroplasticity and Central Nervous System Function

Endocannabinoidome and its role in neurological disorders-A comprehensive update of existing literature

Evaluation of Motor Neuron Injury in ALS by Different Parameters of Diffusion Tensor Imaging

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Product

Resources

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Upper motor neuron evaluation in multiple sclerosis patients treated with Sativex^®