Upper Lip Horizontal Line: Characteristics of a Dynamic Facial Line

Abstract

Background: Upper lip appearance received major attention with the introduction of diverse treatment modalities, including lip augmentation, rhinoplasty surgery, and dental treatment designed to support the upper lip. Our objectives were to define the prevalence and characteristics of the upper lip horizontal line (ULHL), which is a dynamic line appearing during a smile, in relation to gender, malocclusions, aging, and facial morphology. Methods: First, the prevalence and gender distribution of ULHL was examined from standardized en-face imaging at full smile of 643 randomly selected patients. Second, cephalometric and dental cast model analyses were made for 97 consecutive patients divided into three age groups. Results: ULHL appears in 13.8% of the population examined, and prevailed significantly more in females (78%). The prevalence of ULHL was not related to age nor to malocclusion. Patients presenting ULHL showed shorter upper lip and deeper lip sulcus. The skeletal pattern showed longer mid-face, shorter lower facial height and greater prevalence of a gummy smile. Conclusions: Female patients with short upper lip, concavity of the upper lip, and gummy smile are more likely to exhibit ULHL. The ULHL is not age-related and can be identified in children and young adults. Therefore, it should be considered when selecting diverse treatment modalities involving the upper lip.

Are there other muscle fibers on the orbicularis oris muscle in the upper lip?

“…14,15 Proposed causes of this crease include the presence or hyperactivity of the depressor septi nasi muscle or midlevel insertion of the levator labii superioris into the upper lip. 14,16 However, our results indicated that the transverse upper labial crease had a stronger correlation with the anatomical insertion of the levator labii superioris or levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle than with the depressor septi nasi muscle. The levator labii superioris and levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscles generally insert into the dermis over the entire length of the upper lip, but sometimes the insertion of these two muscles terminates at the midlevel of the upper lip rather than at the vermilion border.…”

Testes de controle de qualidade realizados em comprimidos de hidroclorotiazida provenientes do Programa Farmácia Solidária de Maringá (PR)

“…Especialmente no rosto. É costumeiro que haja a associação de mais de um procedimento para um rejuvenescimento mais extenso da face (WESTON et al, 2009), porém, a característica mais chamativa e chave do sucesso do tratamento é, geralmente, o sorriso e todos os elementos estéticos nele presentes (VARDIMON et al, 2020). Torna-se importante tratar as evidências de envelhecimento oral não apenas por meio de implantes dentários e restaurações ideais, como também pela correção da arquitetura do tecido mole que molda esses resultados (PERENACK, 2005).…”

“…Isso dá ao lábio o que se pode chamar de "aspecto senil". Por isso, procedimentos e cirurgias cosméticas para melhorar o aspecto dos lábios têm se tornado cada vez mais populares, especialmente no caso do lábio superior (KAR et al, 2017;VARDIMON et al, 2020).…”

A Comparison of Self-Perceived Oral and Facial Esthetics in Patients After Lip Repositioning Surgery With Modified and Conventional Techniques

“…During a dynamic smile, the upper lip should move somewhere between 4 and 6 mm from rest. Lip translation from the relaxed posture to the largest smile position, used in clinical examination, can detect hypermobile upper lips [ 18 ]. One treatment option to address this excessive translation is lip repositioning surgery (LRS), a predictable surgical procedure [ 17 ].…”

“…To start improving a patient's smile, dental professionals must first accurately diagnose the etiology before undertaking any kind of treatment. Lip repositioning surgery is a cosmetic operation that reduces the elevator pull muscles, which lift the upper lip, to remedy a gummy smile [ 18 ]. To maintain the top lip near your teeth and reduce the amount of exposed gum, the surgery limits how high the upper lip can rise when you smile.…”