Upper Cretaceous oceanic red beds (CORBs) in the Tethys: occurrences, lithofacies, age, and environments

Hu, Xiumian; Jansa, L. F.; Wang, Chengshan; Sarti, M.; Bąk, Krzysztof; Wagreich, Michael; Michalı́k, Jozef; Soták, Ján

doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2004.11.011

Cited by 141 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This is supported by the relatively higher diversity, the abundance of epifaunal and infaunal morphotypes and the presence of trace fossils (Bąk 2000 andHu et al 2005). These red shales, containing only deep-water foraminifera and showing an increase of the species diversity, also support the hypothesis of Setoyama et al (2011) that the diversity of benthic foraminiferal assemblages usually increases with greater water depth.…”

Section: Discussion and Interpretationsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…The decrease in the relative abundance of M1 and increase of M4b, noticed in the red beds, suggest seafloor disturbance, changes in the circulation of the bottom waters and well-oxygenated oligotrophic conditions on the seafloor (Hu et al 2005). This is supported by the relatively higher diversity, the abundance of epifaunal and infaunal morphotypes and the presence of trace fossils (Bąk 2000 andHu et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussion and Interpretationsupporting

confidence: 49%

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Biostratigraphy and paleoenvironment of the Upper Cretaceous deposits in the northern Tarcău Nappe (Eastern Carpathians) based on foraminifera and calcareous nannoplankton

Bindiu¹,

Filipescu²,

Bălc³

2013

Geologica Carpathica

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Late Cretaceous foraminiferal and calcareous nannoplankton assemblages from the northern part of the Tarcău Nappe, Hangu Formation in the northern Eastern Carpathians are documented in order to reconstruct paleoenvironmental settings and biostratigraphy. The foraminiferal assemblages are dominated by flysch-type agglutinated taxa suggesting bathyal environments, close to the calcite compensation depth (CCD), and mesotrophic to oligotrophic conditions. The morphogroup analyses display variations in tubular and infaunal morphotypes suggesting different levels of oxygenation and seafloor disturbance caused by currents. Reddish hemipelagites containing only agglutinated foraminifera (dominant infaunal forms) occurring in the middle part of the section suggest an increase of water depth and changes in redox conditions. Based on foraminifera, the deposits were assigned to planktonic Globotruncana ventricosa and agglutinated Caudammina gigantea Zones. The first occurrence of Uniplanarius trifidus and last occurrence of Reinhardtites anthophorus demonstrate the presence of Late Campanian UC15 c TP -UC16/CC21-CC23 calcareous nannoplankton Zones. Foraminiferal and nannofossil assemblages in the red beds have a high potential for stratigraphic correlation on a regional scale.

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Section: Discussion and Interpretationsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussion and Interpretationsupporting

confidence: 49%

Biostratigraphy and paleoenvironment of the Upper Cretaceous deposits in the northern Tarcău Nappe (Eastern Carpathians) based on foraminifera and calcareous nannoplankton

Bindiu¹,

Filipescu²,

Bălc³

2013

Geologica Carpathica

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“…The high carbonate content of the sediments and the anti-correlation of Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 to MgO and MnO, indicate a low input of clastic material, and thus a position distal from the shoreline. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the existence of oceanic red beds (ORBs) in the Paleogene sediment (Iran), especially within the Paleocene-Eocene interval, and concludes, based on geochemistry and microfossil assemblages, similar oligotrophic and oxic depositional conditions as put forward for Cretaceous ORBs -CORBs in the sense of Hu et al [2] However, no significant carbon burial event and no anoxic events can be related to the formation of these oceanic red beds as, in contrast, was demonstrated for some of the Cretaceous oceanic red beds [6]; the relation of these Paleogene ORBs to the hyper thermal events still needs further elaboration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…A growing number of studies have been published in recent years on Cretaceous Oceanic Red Beds (CORB), most of them indicating a Late Cretaceous age, the maximum extend for this facies [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. In palaeogeographic terms, CORBs are mostly deposited in the low to middle latitudes [6] but occur in some localities such as Greenland and New Zealand also in high palaeolatitude settings [7,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biostratigraphy and Geochemistry of Upper Paleocene - lower Eocene Oceanic Red Beds from the Zagros Mountains, SW Iran

Khorassani¹,

Ghasemi-Nejad²,

Wagreich³

et al. 2015

J Earth Sci Clim Change

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Oceanic Red Beds studied are well known in the upper Cretaceous (CORBs, i.e. Cretaceous Oceanic Red Beds), but their presence and genesis have hitherto not been intensively discussed for equivalent Paleogene deposits. We describe a red to purple shale interval from the Pabdeh Formation, Zagros basin, Iran, which can be assigned to Late Paleocene to Early Eocene age, nannofossil zones NP9-NP12. Parts of the purple marl interval within NP9/NP10 coincide with the PETM (Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum) interval. Coccolithus pelagicus, Sphenolithus moriformis, Sphenolithus orphanknollensis, and Toweius ssp. are dominant in nannofossil assemblages in this interval, and PETM event taxa such as Discoaster araneus appear. Based on whole rock geochemistry and microfossil assemblages, the red to purple marls were deposited in an oligotrophic environment with low nutrient (Ba) values, and were accompanied by a shift to more oxic conditions and low amount of TOC in an oceanic basin. Low amount of major elements like Si, Al and Fe indicates low terrestrial input and relatively high amount of CaO (biogenic element) emphasizes the open sea and pelagic deposition of the shale. Warm deep water can be inferred by the presence of the dinoflagellate taxa Impagidinium and nannoplankton taxa, Discoaster. As a result, the purple shale can be considered as typical Paleogene ORBs in the Zagros basin deposited under very similar conditions as well studied Tethyan Cretaceous oceanic red beds.

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“…This relatively rare facies is associated with specific environmental parameters. Although their presence in the geological record is not exclusively restricted to the Cretaceous Period, these sediments are common in Upper Cretaceous oceanic basins, where they are referred to as Cretaceous Oceanic Red Beds (CORB; see Hu et al 2005). In the last 15 years, their significance for the reconstruction of paleoenvironmental conditions in Late Cretaceous oceans has been acknowledged (cf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ichnology of the Cretaceous Oceanic Red Beds (Outer Western Carpathians, Czech Republic)

Mikuláš¹,

Skupien²,

Bubík³

et al. 2009

Geologica Carpathica

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Large differences in the intensity and overall character of bioturbational structures were found in five facies containing hemipelagic red beds. Red beds (CORB) of the Godula facies of the Silesian Unit and their equivalents (mostly not red) in the Kelč facies of the Silesian Unit and the CORB in the non-calcareous sediments of the Rača Unit display a very low degree of bioturbation. The CORB facies of the Rača Unit, containing calcareous intercalations, displays a very high degree of bioturbation as expressed by a high ichnofabric index. They contain trace fossils Chondrites, Zoophycos, Planolites, Thalassinoides, Palaeophycus, Teichichnus and Phycosiphon. The supply of food obviously acted as the controlling factor. The "calcareous" facies of the CORB of the Rača Unit has a considerably higher proportion of sand-dominated interbeds and also carbonates than the non-calcareous facies. This (especially the presence of carbonates) suggests a relative proximity of food-rich environments and an easy transport of nutrition-rich substrate by turbidite currents into the basin directly, not only by periodical fall-out of dead plankton (which is probably responsible for the rhythmicity of poor colonization horizons in weakly bioturbated units).

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Upper Cretaceous oceanic red beds (CORBs) in the Tethys: occurrences, lithofacies, age, and environments

Cited by 141 publications

References 29 publications

Biostratigraphy and paleoenvironment of the Upper Cretaceous deposits in the northern Tarcău Nappe (Eastern Carpathians) based on foraminifera and calcareous nannoplankton

Biostratigraphy and paleoenvironment of the Upper Cretaceous deposits in the northern Tarcău Nappe (Eastern Carpathians) based on foraminifera and calcareous nannoplankton

Biostratigraphy and Geochemistry of Upper Paleocene - lower Eocene Oceanic Red Beds from the Zagros Mountains, SW Iran

Ichnology of the Cretaceous Oceanic Red Beds (Outer Western Carpathians, Czech Republic)

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