Upper and Lower Respiratory Conditions

Arza, Ray A.

doi:10.1002/9781119220190.ch14

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…32,33 PBMT has been used to treat respiratory disorders such as pneumonia, asthma or COPD in children, adults, and elderly patients. [34][35][36][37][38][39] Clinical studies of more than 1000 patients show positive effects of PBMT on pulmonary conditions, including shortened recovery times, decreased need for medications, reduced respiratory symptoms, and improved parameters in radiological, immunological and blood indicators. [34][35][36][37][38][39] Recent publications and systematic reviews provide the theory and potential mechanism of action of PBMT in fighting COVID-19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[34][35][36][37][38][39] Clinical studies of more than 1000 patients show positive effects of PBMT on pulmonary conditions, including shortened recovery times, decreased need for medications, reduced respiratory symptoms, and improved parameters in radiological, immunological and blood indicators. [34][35][36][37][38][39] Recent publications and systematic reviews provide the theory and potential mechanism of action of PBMT in fighting COVID-19. 14,18,[40][41][42][43] Our experience in treating pain, inflammation and respiratory conditions motivated this trial to use PBMT in COVID-19 patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Adjunctive Photobiomodulation (PBMT) for COVID-19 Pneumonia via Clinical Status and Pulmonary Severity Indices in a Preliminary Trial

Vetrici¹,

Mokmeli²,

Bohm³

et al. 2021

JIR

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Evidence-based and effective treatments for COVID-19 are limited, and a new wave of infections and deaths calls for novel, easily implemented treatment strategies. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is a well-known adjunctive treatment for pain management, wound healing, lymphedema, and cellulitis. PBMT uses light to start a cascade of photochemical reactions that lead to local and systemic anti-inflammatory effects at multiple levels and that stimulate healing. Numerous empirical studies of PBMT for patients with pulmonary disease such as pneumonia, COPD and asthma suggest that PBMT is a safe and effective adjunctive treatment. Recent systematic reviews suggest that PBMT may be applied to target lung tissue in COVID-19 patients. In this preliminary study, we evaluated the effect of adjunctive PBMT on COVID-19 pneumonia and patient clinical status. Patients and Methods: We present a small-scale clinical trial with 10 patients randomized to standard medical care or standard medical care plus adjunctive PBMT. The PBMT group received four daily sessions of near-infrared light treatment targeting the lung tissue via a Multiwave Locked System (MLS) laser. Patient outcomes were measured via blood work, chest x-rays, pulse oximetry and validated scoring tools for pneumonia. Results: PBMT patients showed improvement on pulmonary indices such as SMART-COP, BCRSS, RALE, and CAP (Community-Acquired Pneumonia questionnaire). PBMT-treated patients showed rapid recovery, did not require ICU admission or mechanical ventilation, and reported no long-term sequelae at 5 months after treatment. In the control group, 60% of patients were admitted to the ICU for mechanical ventilation. The control group had an overall mortality of 40%. At a 5-month follow-up, 40% of the control group experienced long-term sequelae. Conclusion: PBMT is a safe and effective potential treatment for COVID-19 pneumonia and improves clinical status in COVID-19 pneumonia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Adjunctive Photobiomodulation (PBMT) for COVID-19 Pneumonia via Clinical Status and Pulmonary Severity Indices in a Preliminary Trial

Vetrici¹,

Mokmeli²,

Bohm³

et al. 2021

JIR

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“…NIR Laser light at a power of 1 W/cm 2 projected through bovine tissue ranging in thickness from 1.8 to 9.5 cm resulted in effective power densities at 3.4 cm and 6.0 cm [ 21 ]. In veterinary practice, feline and canine pneumonia is frequently treated with laser doses of 6–10 J/cm 2 [ 22 ]. These animals have a thicker chest wall and furry skin, making penetration more challenging than in humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 57-Year-Old African American Man with Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia Who Responded to Supportive Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT): First Use of PBMT in COVID-19

Sigman

Mokmeli²,

Monici

et al. 2020

Am J Case Rep

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Patient: Male, 57-year-old Final Diagnosis: COVID-19 Symptoms: Shortness of breath • hypoxia Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) Specialty: Infectious Diseases • Pulmonology Objective: Unusual or unexpected effect of treatment Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with lung inflammation and cytokine storm. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is a safe, non-invasive therapy with significant anti-inflammatory effects. Adjunct PBMT has been employed in treating patients with lung conditions. Human studies and experimental models of respiratory disease suggest PBMT reduces inflammation and promotes lung healing. This is the first time supportive PBMT was used in a severe case of COVID-19 pneumonia. Case Report: A 57-year-old African American man with severe COVID-19 received 4 once-daily PBMT sessions by a laser scanner with pulsed 808 nm and super-pulsed 905 nm modes for 28 min. The patient was evaluated before and after treatment via radiological assessment of lung edema (RALE) by CXR, pulmonary severity indices, blood tests, oxygen requirements, and patient questionnaires. Oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ) increased from 93–94% to 97–100%, while the oxygen requirement decreased from 2–4 L/min to 1 L/min. The RALE score improved from 8 to 5. The Pneumonia Severity Index improved from Class V (142) to Class II (67). Additional pulmonary indices (Brescia-COVID and SMART-COP) both decreased from 4 to 0. CRP normalized from 15.1 to 1.23. The patient reported substantial improvement in the Community-Acquired Pneumonia assessment tool. Conclusions: This report has presented supportive PBMT in a patient with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Respiratory indices, radiological findings, oxygen requirements, and patient outcomes improved over several days and without need for a ventilator. Future controlled clinical trials are required to evaluate the effects of PBMT on clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.

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“…• LLLT is approved by the US FDA and Health Canada for several chronic and degenerative conditions, temporary pain relief, cellulite treatment, body contouring, lymphedema reduction, and hair growth. It has been used in veterinary medicine for upper and lower respiratory conditions in dogs and cats [13]. • It has been used for human respiratory tract disease.…”

Section: The Effects Of Sars-cov-2 On Alveolar Cell and Cytokine Stormmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The addition of LLLT to conventional treatment alleviates symptoms and stimulates the healing process in tissues. General guidelines for the use of laser therapy in animals and protocols for specific conditions are published [13].…”

Section: Introduction What Is Low Level Laser Therapy?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low level laser therapy as a modality to attenuate cytokine storm at multiple levels, enhance recovery, and reduce the use of ventilators in COVID-19

Mokmeli¹,

Vetrici

2020

Can J Respir Ther

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The global pandemic COVID-19 is a contagious disease and its mortality rates ranging from 1% to 5% are likely due to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and cytokine storm. A significant proportion of patients who require intubation succumb to the disease, despite the availability of ventilators and the best treatment practices. Researchers worldwide are in search of anti-inflammatory medicines in the hope of finding a cure for COVID-19. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has strong, anti-inflammatory effects confirmed by meta-analyses, and it may be therapeutic to ARDS. LLLT has been used for pain management, wound healing, and other health conditions by physicians, physiotherapists, and nurses worldwide for decades. In addition, it has been used in veterinary medicine for respiratory tract disease such as pneumonia. Laser light with low-power intensity is applied to the surface of the skin to produce local and systemic effects. Based on the clinical experience, peer-reviewed studies, and solid laboratory data in experimental animal models, LLLT attenuates cytokine storm at multiple levels and reduces the major inflammatory metabolites. LLLT is a safe, effective, low-cost modality without any side-effects that may be combined with conventional treatment of ARDS. We summarize the effects of LLLT on pulmonary inflammation and we provide a protocol for augmenting medical treatment in COVID-19 patients. LLLT combined with conventional medical therapy has the potential to prevent the progression of COVID-19, minimize the length of time needed on a ventilator, enhance the healing process, and shorten recovery time.

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Upper and Lower Respiratory Conditions

Cited by 5 publications

References 54 publications

Evaluation of Adjunctive Photobiomodulation (PBMT) for COVID-19 Pneumonia via Clinical Status and Pulmonary Severity Indices in a Preliminary Trial

Evaluation of Adjunctive Photobiomodulation (PBMT) for COVID-19 Pneumonia via Clinical Status and Pulmonary Severity Indices in a Preliminary Trial

A 57-Year-Old African American Man with Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia Who Responded to Supportive Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT): First Use of PBMT in COVID-19

Low level laser therapy as a modality to attenuate cytokine storm at multiple levels, enhance recovery, and reduce the use of ventilators in COVID-19

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