Uplift Performance of Anchor Plates Embedded in Cement-Stabilized Backfill

Abstract

A series of pullout tests is presented in this paper and is used to identify the kinematics of failure and the uplift response of circular anchor plates embedded in sand-cement stabilized layers at distinct normalized embedment depths (H/D), where H is the thickness of the treated layer and D is the diameter of the anchor plates. Experimental results show that the uplift capacity of anchor plates embedded in sand backfill layers increases considerably after mixing 3% cement with the backfill material. Distinct failure mechanisms observed for anchor plates embedded in both sand and cement-stabilized backfills are shown to be a function of H/D. The addition of cement to the sand backfill leads to an increase in uplift capacity of 9 times for an H/D ratio of 1.0 and of 13 times for an H/D ratio of 2.0. For sand backfill with H/D 5 1:0, the failure surface had a truncated cone shape with a vertical inclination of 22°, whereas for H/D of 1.5 and 2.0, radial cracking was observed, and final failure surfaces had inclinations of 26 and 30°, respectively. Pullout of anchor plates in cement-stabilized backfills at H/D ratios ranging from 1.0 to 2.0 exhibit two distinct characteristics: (a) a linear elastic deformation response at small pullout displacements and (b) a later stage where radial fracturing of the stabilized backfill leads to hardening just prior to failure. Radial cracks starting at the top of the layer near the center of the anchor plates start to propagate only at about 90% of the final uplift failure load, irrespective of H/D.

Numerical Simulation of Vertical Pullout of Plate Anchors Embedded in Reinforced Sand

“…The experimental program was carried out in two parts. First, all the description of the pull out of circular anchor plates embedded in sand and fiber reinforced sand test was developed in the experimental program by Consoli et al (2012Consoli et al ( , 2013 such as the characterization of the backfill material (the configuration made for the test follows the instructions of ASTM D 1194ASTM D , 1994. The foundation consists of a steel cable and a rigid circular steel plate 300.0 mm in diameter and 25.4 mm thick.…”

“…Alternatively, the modulus of elasticity (E) can be obtained by correlation with the shear modulus (G) by the elasticity theory relations as shown in Eq. 12, where a shear modulus of 20.0 MPa is obtained according to Consoli et al, 2013.…”

A testing procedure for predicting strength in artificially cemented soft soils

“…This practice has been widely used, as described by Lin and Wong (1999), Andromalos et al (2001) and Hussin and Garbin (2012). The research group at Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (e.g., Thomé et al, 2005;Consoli et al, 2008Consoli et al, , 2009aConsoli et al, ,b,c, 2010Consoli et al, , 2011Consoli et al, , 2012Consoli et al, , 2013aConsoli et al, ,b, 2014aFestugato et al, 2013;Faro et al, 2015) has been studying key parameters dictating strength and stiffness of lime/cement treated soils.…”

A Penetrating-Anchoring Mathematical Model for the Soft Asteroid Anchoring System

“…Liu et al studied the deformation of the medium during the drawing process of the anchor [14]. Consoli et al studied the anchoring force of the pile body in cement [15]. The anchorage of the pile foundation is larger (about several meters in length), and the ground buried depth is deep (tens of meters).…”