UPLC-PDA-MS/MS Profiling and Healing Activity of Polyphenol-Rich Fraction of Alhagi maurorum against Oral Ulcer in Rats

Abstract

Camelthorn, Alhagi maurorum Boiss, family Fabaceae has long been used in African folk medicine owing to its richness in pharmacologically active metabolites. The crude extract (CEAM), ethyl acetate fraction (EFAM) and n-butanol (BFAM) fraction of A. maurorum aerial parts were investigated for their total polyphenols and oral antiulcer activity using in-vitro and in-vivo models. The major phenolic compound was isolated from the polyphenol-rich EFAM fraction and identified by conventional and spectroscopic methods of analysis as isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside. Furthermore, standardization of EAFM using UPLC-PDA-UV quantified isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside as 262.91 0.57 g/mg of the fraction. Analysis of EFAM using UPLC-PDA-MS/MS revealed tentative identification of 25 polyphenolic compounds. EFAM exhibited the most potent free radical scavenging activity against DPPH, with an IC50 (27.73 ± 1.85 μg/mL) and an FRAP value of (176.60 ± 5.21 μM Trolox equivalent (TE)/mg fraction) in comparison with CEAM and BFAM. Acetic acid-induced oral ulcers in a rat model were used to evaluate the healing properties of A. maurorum aerial parts. EFAM significantly decreased tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) by 36.4% and 50.8%, respectively, in the ulcer tissues while, CEAM and BFAM exhibited lower activity at the same dose. In addition, EFAM led to a significant (p < 0.0001) rise in the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a cell proliferation marker. A. maurorum exhibited a potent healing effect in acetic acid-induced oral ulcers in rats by mitigating the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and improving PCNA expression.

Cyclodepsipeptides: Isolation from Endophytic Fungi of Sarcophyton ehrenbergi and Verification of Their Larvicidal Activity via In-Vitro and In-Silico Studies

“…Bruker Ascend 400/R (Bruker ® , AVANCE III HD, 400 MHz, Zürich, Switzerland)—Center for Drug Discovery, Research and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University [ 43 , 44 , 45 ].…”

In Silico Docking, Resistance Modulation and Biofilm Gene Expression in Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii via Cinnamic and Gallic Acids

“…Plant-derived compounds are ideal candidates due to their efficacy and considerably low side effects [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. In phenolics, multiple mechanisms of antibacterial activity have been described; some compounds act by destabilizing cell membranes, thus, helping the internalization of antibiotics [ 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Others act by inhibiting efflux pumps or disrupting biofilms [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Enriching the Bioactive Components and Antioxidant Capacity of Concentrated Lime Juices Prepared by Cryogenic and Vacuum Processes

“…Kaempferol-3-O-glucuronide was observed in all lime varieties whereas kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside was only available in C. latifolia. The [M-H] − ion at m/z 623.1626 and the fragmented ion 315.0709 were also identified as isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside based on the characteristic ion fragment reported in the literature [43,44]. Two flavones were identified as diosmin (peak 21, [M-H] − m/z 607.1643, product ion of 299.0566) and luteolin (peak 35, [M-H] − m/z 285.0412, product ion of 151.0056) because of their distinctive ion fragmentation, as reported [34,41,45].…”