UPLC-based metabonomic applications for discovering biomarkers of diseases in clinical chemistry

Abstract

a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oObjectives: Metabonomics is a powerful and promising analytic tool that allows assessment of global lowmolecular-weight metabolites in biological systems. It has a great potential for identifying useful biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis and assessment of therapeutic interventions in clinical practice. The aim of this review is to provide a brief summary of the recent advances in UPLC-based metabonomic approach for biomarker discovery in a variety of diseases, and to discuss their significance in clinical chemistry.Design and methods: All the available information on UPLC-based metabonomic applications for discovering biomarkers of diseases were collected via a library and electronic search (using Web of Science, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Springer, Google Scholar, etc.).Results: Metabonomics has been used in clinical chemistry to identify and evaluate potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in various diseases affecting the liver (hepatocarcinoma and liver cirrhosis), lung (lung cancer and pneumonia), gastrointestinal tract (colorectal cancer) and urogenital tract (prostate cancer, ovarian cancer and chronic kidney disease), as well as metabolic diseases (diabetes) and neuropsychiatric disorders (Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia), etc.Conclusions: The information provided highlights the potential value of determination of endogenous lowmolecular-weight metabolites and the advantages and potential drawbacks of the application of UPLC-based metabonomics in clinical setting.

Lipidomics

“…MS E provided parallel alternating scans for acquisition at low collision energy for precursor ion information (MS) or high collision energy for full-scan accurate mass fragments, precursor ions, and neutral loss information (MS E ). This approach provided similar information to conventional MS 2 (MS/MS) in a single analytical run and structural information required for identification of unknown biomarkers in untargeted analyses [65][66][67][68][69][70].…”

Rule-Mining for the Early Prediction of Chronic Kidney Disease Based on Metabolomics and Multi-Source Data

“…More recently, GC-MS or LC-MS have become more widely used due to its greater sensitivity based on chromatographic separation but failed to identify some metabolites due to uncertainty in the estimation of metabolites’ mass-to-charge ratios. “Continued advances in NMR spectroscopic hardware and increased parallel application of analytical platforms such as Ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) [4, 5] coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) will enable even wider coverage of the metabolome” [2]. …”

Biomarcadores de função endotelial em doenças cardiovasculares: hipertensão

“…Biomarkers that can be detected in blood serum or plasma have gained importance because of their efficacy for diagnosis of pathologies. However, despite all of the advances that have been made, Zhao et al 73 point out that there are still technological limitations, including the lack of a single method for extensive analysis of the entire metabolome, limited spectral libraries and databases, and certain disadvantages of the software available for processing data and extracting biomarkers. The same authors also point to the need to find a reasonable method for analysis of metabolites that could substitute or complement the traditional method of diagnosis.…”

“…According to Zhao et al, 76 the majority of clinical tests use methods that include tests with a single biomarker, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. The same authors also state that recent assay methods are generally of low specificity and sensitivity for a given disease in particular and that the traditional biomarkers only change significantly once the disease has caused substantial damage or dysfunction.…”