Upgrading of recycled polypropylene by preparing flame retarded layered composite

Abstract

Abstract. Upgrading of polypropylene waste was performed by different composite technologies, in order to improve the flame retardancy combined with preserved or improved mechanical properties. The polymer waste of density below 900 kg/m 3 is originated from end-of-life vehicles (ELV) after comminution, density separation and comprehensive analysis. Intumescent flame retardant system was used for reducing the flammability; while chopped glass fibre reinforcement was used to compensate the deterioration of mechanical properties caused by flame retardant additives. In mixed composite beside of flame retardants, the reinforcement effect of glass fibre can not be realized; therefore with modification of composite structure (but maintaining the composition) a multilayer composite was developed, which contains 65.5% of recycled polymer, where the core is reinforced with glass fibre covered by flame retarded shell layers. Enhanced flame retardancy (4 min longer time to escape) was achieved by using this layered composite compared to the mixed composite, thus the time to escape could be extended only with modification of composite structure.

Pharmaceutical and Macromolecular Technologies in the Spirit of Industry 4.0

“…2 a and b. Upgraded innovative recycled products could be developed by combining polyolefin fraction of selected wastes with flame retardant additives [33].…”

Olefin–maleic-anhydride copolymer based additives: A novel approach for compatibilizing blends of waste polyethylene and crumb rubber

“…from virgin materials have been rarely investigated. Lots of publications appeared dealing with thermoplastic blends, mainly polyolefins and engineering plastics and effects of different fillers in them (Bodzay et al, 2012;Scaffaro et al, 2013;Unnikrishnan et al, 2011;Carone et al, 2000;Wong and Baker, 1997;Zhao et al, 2010;Baji et al, 2011;Praveen et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2011;Karger-Kocsis, 2013). Incorporation of waste crumb rubber in thermoplastics is limited as less than 10 wt% could have been mixed with thermoplastics sofar.…”

“…Both polyethylene and polypropylene was combined with cross-linked rubber but after several studies on the proper compatibilizing additive for increasing the interfacial adhesion, PE was chosen as the matrix in their products. Matkó et al (2008) and Bodzay et al (2012) made fire retardant composites from recycled plastics. Raw material was low density polyethylene (LDPE), ethylene-vinyl-acetate (EVA) and recycled rubber (RUB).…”

Preparation and characterization of composites from plastic waste and sugar cane fiber

“…The PWH is denser than the polyolefin due to smaller proportion of thermoplastics, thermosets and elastomers which enlarge the final density. [27] 18.99 ± 0.45 [27] 20.73 ± 0.44 [27] ------------< 0.01 [28,29] 0.94-0.98 [28,29] ------------≅ 20.5 [2] ≅ 21.0 [2] ≅ 46.5 [2] 64.0 [30] 24.87 [30] 25.66 [30] 33.9 [30] PEHD Virgin 62.9 ± 0.55 [27] -------------24.53 ± 0.12 [27] ------------65.0 [30] 24.87 [28] 24.73 [30] 38.34 [30] ------------19.76 ± 0.39 [31] 18.9 ± 0.2 [31] ------------PP Recycled 68.2 ± 0.57 [27] 41.74 ± 0.49 [27] 28.96 ± 0.67 [27] ------------------------------------22.78 ± 1.14 [32] 26.25 ± 4.5 [32] ------------18.2 [33] 16.1 [33] -------------PP Virgin 71.0 ± 0.71 [27] 43.48 ± 0.51 [27] 30.72 ± 0.45 [27] ------------< 0.03 [34,35] 0.90-0.91 [29,35] ------------------------37.36 ± 1.87 [33] 25.05 ± 1.6 [33] 55.74 [36] 34.11 [36] 5.68…”