Upgrading of pyrolysis oil via catalytic co-pyrolysis of treated palm oil empty fruit bunch and plastic waste

Sunarno, Sunarno; Zahrina, Ida; Nanda, Widia Riski; Amri, Amun

doi:10.1007/s13399-021-02243-w

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The direct Pyrolysis oil is an attractive renewable fuel used as an alternative to petroleum (fossil) fuel to minimize the environmental impact of the latter. However, the pyrolysis oil contains a high amount of oxygen, between 20% to 40%, which leads to low energy density, high acidity, and thermal and low chemical stability [15][16][17][18]. Therefore, the oxygen should be extracted from the oil; the reaction of hydrodeoxygenation (HDO), specifically the direct deoxygenation method, as described by the reactions below (for the case of fatty acids), can be used to remove the oxygen content in the presence of H 2 (Figure 2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transition Metal Phosphides (TMP) as a Versatile Class of Catalysts for the Hydrodeoxygenation Reaction (HDO) of Oil-Derived Compounds

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) reaction is a route with much to offer in the conversion and upgrading of bio-oils into fuels; the latter can potentially replace fossil fuels. The catalyst’s design and the feedstock play a critical role in the process metrics (activity, selectivity). Among the different classes of catalysts for the HDO reaction, the transition metal phosphides (TMP), e.g., binary (Ni2P, CoP, WP, MoP) and ternary Fe-Co-P, Fe-Ru-P, are chosen to be discussed in the present review article due to their chameleon type of structural and electronic features giving them superiority compared to the pure metals, apart from their cost advantage. Their active catalytic sites for the HDO reaction are discussed, while particular aspects of their structural, morphological, electronic, and bonding features are presented along with the corresponding characterization technique/tool. The HDO reaction is critically discussed for representative compounds on the TMP surfaces; model compounds from the lignin-derivatives, cellulose derivatives, and fatty acids, such as phenols and furans, are presented, and their reaction mechanisms are explained in terms of TMPs structure, stoichiometry, and reaction conditions. The deactivation of the TMP’s catalysts under HDO conditions is discussed. Insights of the HDO reaction from computational aspects over the TMPs are also presented. Future challenges and directions are proposed to understand the TMP-probe molecule interaction under HDO process conditions and advance the process to a mature level.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transition Metal Phosphides (TMP) as a Versatile Class of Catalysts for the Hydrodeoxygenation Reaction (HDO) of Oil-Derived Compounds

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Despite a paradigm shift towards renewable energy around the world, there is still a high dependence on fossil fuels for energy recovery from organic wastes. Heavy reliance on fossil fuels has contributed to a range of problems, such as greenhouse gas emissions, rising temperatures, disturbing weather patterns, and imbalances in the energy sector [1,2]. In the wake of all the issues described above, most nations in the world have developed strategies to find alternative and sustainable energy sources to address increasing energy demand and curb pollution [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of oil palm waste into value-added products through pyrolysis: a sensitivity and techno-economic investigation

Parthasarathy

Alherbawi

Shahbaz

et al. 2022

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, an empirical model for the pyrolysis of major oil palm wastes (OPW) such as palm kernel shell (PKS), empty fruit bunches (EFB), and oil palm frond (OPF), and their blends is developed. Moreover, the techno-economic feasibility of the wastes is investigated to determine the type of waste that would be suitable for the commercialization of different types of products. According to the model results, the bio-oil dominates the pyrolysis process’ product output, accounting for 59.21, 50.51, 56.60, and 55.65% of PKS, EFB, OPF, and their blend, respectively. Whereas biochar yield is 23.21, 23.1, 22.95, and 23.08%, gas yield is 17.57, 26.38, 20.44, and 21.27%. The findings demonstrate that the feedstocks under consideration are mostly suitable for producing bio-oil. According to the economic analysis, PKS-based pyrolysis has the highest capital expenses (CAPEX), while EFB-based pyrolysis has the lowest CAPEX of all tested feedstocks. Furthermore, PKS has the highest operating expenses (OPEX) due to its relatively higher market price as well as higher moisture content, which necessitates more energy input during the drying stage. Among the feedstocks, OPF has delivered the highest profit of USD 17 M/year, with a 22% return on investment (ROI). In terms of investment capital payback period, all OPW feedstocks demonstrated a reasonable period of 4–6 years. Bio-oil is the most valuable pyrolysis product, with the highest market value when compared to biochar and syngas. The established prediction model can be utilized as a solid reference for biomass pyrolysis modelling studies. Furthermore, the predicted values are reasonable enough to be used in industrial process design.

show abstract

In situ hydro-deoxygenation onto nickel-doped HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst for upgrading pyrolytic oil

Wantala,

Klangwichian,

Suwannaruang

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Upgrading of pyrolysis oil via catalytic co-pyrolysis of treated palm oil empty fruit bunch and plastic waste

Cited by 6 publications

References 21 publications

Transition Metal Phosphides (TMP) as a Versatile Class of Catalysts for the Hydrodeoxygenation Reaction (HDO) of Oil-Derived Compounds

Transition Metal Phosphides (TMP) as a Versatile Class of Catalysts for the Hydrodeoxygenation Reaction (HDO) of Oil-Derived Compounds

Conversion of oil palm waste into value-added products through pyrolysis: a sensitivity and techno-economic investigation

In situ hydro-deoxygenation onto nickel-doped HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst for upgrading pyrolytic oil

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About