Upgrading of coal liquids for use as power generation fuels. Annual report, February 1976--January 1977

Catalytic hydroprocessing of SRC-II heavy distillate fractions. 7. Kinetics of hydrogenation, hydrodesulfurization, and hydrodeoxygenation of the neutral oils determined by analysis of compound classes and individual compounds

“…The total sulfur data (obtained by adding the concentrations of the three major organosulfur compounds determined by the Hall detector) presented in Figure 4 show higher than first-order (but not quite second-order) kinetics for total sulfur removal. Hydrodesulfurization of complex feeds such as petroleum residua (Gates et al, 1979), SRC-II recycle solvent, and H-coal distillate (Stein et al, 1977) is often approximated as second-order in total sulfur, consistent with the parallel reaction of several organosulfur compounds, each by first-order kinetics; the total sulfur data determined from elemental analysis (Figure 1) compare well with data characterizing the hydrodesulfurization of complex feeds. The total sulfur data obtained from high-resolution mass spectrometry (Figure 7) indicate a pseudo-first-order dependence (data for times longer than 15 h were not obtained).…”

Heating value correlation for coal liquids

“…Table I gives the elemental analyses and gross heating values as determined by ASTM 2382 for coal liquids from the SRC, H-Coal, and Synthoil processes and of hydroprocessed distillates from the SRC and H-Coal processes. The hydroprocessing of these distillates was reported earlier (Stein et al, 1978). The liquids range in hydrogen content from 5.6 to 12.18 wt %, oxygen content from 0.2 to 5.6 wt %, nitrogen content from 0.02 to 2.06 wt %, and based on gravity and composition" " Samples with negative API gravity not included.…”

“…The upgrading of these liquids via hydroprocessing to higher quality products has also been investigated (Stein et al, 1978). One of the desirable results of coal liquefaction and of the upgrading of liquefaction products is an increase in the heating value of the fuels.…”

Hydroprocessing of solvent-refined coal: catalyst-screening results

“…Oil Corporation recently developed a model that describes the effect of various process parameters on the saturation of aromatics (Stein et al, 1977). This model is given below:…”