Upgrading of Biomass via Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis (CFP)

Mullen, Charles A.

doi:10.1002/9783527814794.ch1

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…59−61 Other catalysts or coreactants can alter the composition of bio-oil in differing ways. 61,62 As is shown in this review, the amount of oxygen, ash, or other impurities in the precursor can influence the properties and function of the carbon product. Also, adaptation of innovative separation units within the pyrolysis system enhances bio-oil purity and biocoke quality.…”

Section: ■ Industrial Carbons Processingmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Higher temperature pyrolysis conditions will lead to production of bio-oil with a composition trending toward a highly aromatic deoxygenated product similar to gasification tar. ,, The composition of bio-oil can also be controlled via the use of catalytic pyrolysis. Zeolite-catalyzed pyrolysis can lead similarly to a highly aromatized deoxygenated product. − Other catalysts or coreactants can alter the composition of bio-oil in differing ways. , As is shown in this review, the amount of oxygen, ash, or other impurities in the precursor can influence the properties and function of the carbon product. Also, adaptation of innovative separation units within the pyrolysis system enhances bio-oil purity and biocoke quality.…”

Section: Industrial Carbons Processingmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Progress on Biobased Industrial Carbons as Thermochemical Biorefinery Coproducts

Elkasabi

Mullen

2021

Energy Fuels

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Industrial carbons are a category of high purity carbon (>95 wt %) materials that are solid at room temperature, produced in bulk as refinery byproducts, and subsequently used in a wide variety of applications. The most dominant industrial carbons are calcined coke, coal tar pitch, carbon black, and graphite. The manufacturing sector consumes a large majority of industrial carbons as electrode materials, carbon binders, tire reinforcement fillers, and ink components and constitutes one of the largest contributors to greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. Thermochemical conversion of biomass offers promising pathways for both the integration of drop-in fuels with refinery infrastructure and for the production of carbonaceous solid materials. Conversely, over the past two decades, most biofuels efforts focused on fuel production technologies with high-value small molecule chemicals as coproducts. This review summarizes recent progress toward developing biobased industrial carbons, particularly as coproducts from thermochemical conversions of biomass. Pyrolysis and gasification produce liquid and solid products in varying yields; biocarbons from either stream currently must compromise between adequate yield and adequate quality. While metals can be removed post-synthesis, there exist opportunities for improvement of biocarbon quality, including using deashed biomass and/or process modification beyond standard pyrolysis conditions. Improving calcined coke and tar pitch properties (density/porosity and softening point/coking value, respectively) will likely follow by departing from standard biomass conversion parameters. Although markets exist for biobased graphite, current products of high quality will require significant research into scale-up strategies.

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Section: ■ Industrial Carbons Processingmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Industrial Carbons Processingmentioning

confidence: 95%

Progress on Biobased Industrial Carbons as Thermochemical Biorefinery Coproducts

Elkasabi

Mullen

2021

Energy Fuels

Self Cite

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“…There are two process schemes that can be employed in CFP: in situ and ex situ [32,34]. Pyrolysis and catalytic upgrading that occur in the same zone is in situ.…”

Section: In Situ Vs Ex Situ Cfpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was demonstrated from an onpurpose potassium ion exchange with HZSM-5 (up to 2.85 wt%) which resulted in drastic reduction of catalyst acidity, leading to lower yields of carbons [127]. Within the pyrolysis process itself, AAEMs can catalyze unwanted secondary reactions, including cracking, decarboxylation, and dehydration, resulting in a loss of liquid yields [34]. Carbon oxides and water were increased by 10% due to these inorganic components, changing the product distribution [118,128].…”

Section: Catalyst Deactivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Benzene, Toluene, and Xylenes

Gong¹

2022

Recent Perspectives in Pyrolysis Research

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Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis is a rapid method to depolymerize lignocellulose to its constituent components of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. The pyrolysis reaction in absence of oxygen occurs at a very high heating rate to a targeted temperature of 400 to 600 °C for very short residence time. Vapors which are not condensed and are then contacted with a catalyst that is efficient to deoxygenate and aromatize the pyrolyzed biomass. One class of highly valuable material that is produced is a mixture of benzene, toluene, and xylenes. From this mixture, para-xylene is extracted for further upgrading to polyethylene terephthalate, a commodity polyester which has a demand in excess of 80 million tonnes/year. Addressed within this review is the catalytic fast pyrolysis, catalysts examined, process chemistry, challenges, and investigation of solutions.

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“…Depending upon the conditions, pyrolysis process can be categorized into slow, fast and flash pyrolysis. Reaction time, biomass type and nitrogen gas flow rates are considerable factors for successful pyrolysis reaction [13]. Pyrolysis is an advantageous technique due to the following reasons i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco friendly synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles and its application on pyrolysis of Calotropis procera (AKH) Plant roots

Din¹,

Rehman²,

Hussain³

et al. 2021

J. Optoelectron. Biomed. M.

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This study covers the slow catalytic pyrolysis of Calotropis procera (Akh plant root) using biogenically synthesized NiO NPs. The synthesized particles were characterized by UV-Visible and FTIR spectrometry. Catalytic activity of the NiO NPs was examined via slow catalytic pyrolysis of Akh plant roots by monitoring temperature and catalyst effect on feedstock for the production of high yield bio-char, bio-oil and bio-gases. At 250°C low bio-oil and higher bio-char yield were obtained. However, at higher temperature inverse results were obtained whereby at optimum temperature of 300°C, the yield of bio-char, bio-oil and biogas 37, 36 and 27% was attained

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Upgrading of Biomass via Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis (CFP)

Cited by 6 publications

References 100 publications

Progress on Biobased Industrial Carbons as Thermochemical Biorefinery Coproducts

Progress on Biobased Industrial Carbons as Thermochemical Biorefinery Coproducts

Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Benzene, Toluene, and Xylenes

Eco friendly synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles and its application on pyrolysis of Calotropis procera (AKH) Plant roots

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