Updating of working memory in ecstasy polydrug users: Findings from fNIRS

Montgomery, Catharine; Fisk, John E.; Roberts, Carl A.

doi:10.1002/hup.2609

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…In addition to this, four subregions of the PFC were also considered, which were defined as follows: the R-LPFC included Channels 1 to 4, the R-MPFC included Channels 5 to 8, the L-MPFC included Channels 9 to 12, and the L-LPFC included Channels 13 to 16. Several studies using the same or similar devices have examined these PFC subregions as defined earlier (e.g., Anderson et al., 2018; Aranyi, Charles, & Cavazza, 2015; Cavazza, Aranyi, & Charles, 2015; Liang et al., 2016; Montgomery, Fisk, & Roberts, 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX; Hart & Staveland, 1988) was used, in which participants were asked to self-report their subjective levels of six states on a 20-point scale: mental demand, physical demand, temporal demand, performance, effort, and frustration. This has been used in other studies involving listening effort (e.g., Ahlstrom et al., 2014) as well as in studies using fNIRS to measure cortical oxygenation during an n-back task (e.g., Montgomery et al., 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy as a Measure of Listening Effort in Older Adults Who Use Hearing Aids

et al. 2019

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Listening effort may be reduced when hearing aids improve access to the acoustic signal. However, this possibility is difficult to evaluate because many neuroimaging methods used to measure listening effort are incompatible with hearing aid use. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), which can be used to measure the concentration of oxygen in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), appears to be well-suited to this application. The first aim of this study was to establish whether fNIRS could measure cognitive effort during listening in older adults who use hearing aids. The second aim was to use fNIRS to determine if listening effort, a form of cognitive effort, differed depending on whether or not hearing aids were used when listening to sound presented at 35 dB SL (flat gain). Sixteen older adults who were experienced hearing aid users completed an auditory n-back task and a visual n-back task; both tasks were completed with and without hearing aids. We found that PFC oxygenation increased with n-back working memory demand in both modalities, supporting the use of fNIRS to measure cognitive effort during listening in this population. PFC oxygenation was weakly and nonsignificantly correlated with self-reported listening effort and reaction time, respectively, suggesting that PFC oxygenation assesses a dimension of listening effort that differs from these other measures. Furthermore, the extent to which hearing aids reduced PFC oxygenation in the left lateral PFC was positively correlated with age and pure-tone average thresholds. The implications of these findings as well as future directions are discussed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy as a Measure of Listening Effort in Older Adults Who Use Hearing Aids

et al. 2019

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“…Significant main effects of Stage at optodes 4, 6 and 8 indicated that oxygenation decreased from baseline over the five stages; given the inverse relationship between O 2 Hb and HHb, it can be assumed that this would indicate an increase in HHb. Increases in HHb are observed where there is an increase in oxygen consumption in a brain region ( Obrig & Villringer, 2003 ), and this increase in oxygenation consumption is indicative of an increase in cognitive demand/monitoring requiring areas of the PFC over the 5 stages (e.g., Funahashi, 2017 ; Montgomery et al, 2017 ; Roberts & Montgomery, 2015 ). In optode 9, the significant main effect of Stage reflects increases in glucose and oxygen utilization in the PFC as the stages progressed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Think Aloud on Performance and Brain Oxygenation During Cycling – An Exploratory Study

et al. 2022

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In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of Think Aloud (TA) on performance in trained and untrained participants, using functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy, during incrementally paced cycling. A mixed design was implemented with cycling expertise (10 untrained vs. 9 trained) as the between groups variable and trial stage (5 stages of increasing effort), and condition (silent vs. TA) as within groups independent variables (IVs). Dependent measures were changes in cortical oxygenation (O2Hb) in 12 areas of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and physiological indicators of percentage heart rate maximum (%HRmax), average power output (APO), peak power output (PPO), rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and blood lactate ([La]b) over time. Trained cyclists had higher APO and significantly higher PPO from stages 2–5, in addition to a greater increase in PPO over the duration of the test (range 168W–480 W vs. 133W–313 W). There were significant main effects of stage on %HRmax, Bla and RPE ( p < .001), with effect sizes (ήp2) ranging from .31 to .97. On average, HRmax%, [La]b and RPE were significantly lower after stage 2 onwards within the TA trial than the silent trial, even though similar power outputs were obtained. Thus, the TA trial elicited a better pacing strategy. There was no main effect of group on changes in O2Hb, though O2Hb did change as a function of stage in four areas of the PFC, and as a function of condition in one area. In this first study to assess the effects of TA on performance during self-paced cycling, TA did not disrupt performance outcomes at low through to high levels of physical exertion for either untrained or trained participants.

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“…A final key issue that this study aims to shed further light on is the value of fNIRS assessments in addiction treatment. In the past 2 years, this technique has been used in the assessment of anxiety in heroin users [67], working memory in ecstasy users [68] and investigations of gambling [69] and Internet addiction [70]. While the simplicity, cost-effectiveness and lack of physical restrictiveness noted earlier are all attractive features of the device, it must be recognised that the bulk of the limbic system, which plays a crucial role in substance addiction [71], cannot be imaged using fNIRS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of an acute bout of exercise on neural activity in alcohol and cocaine craving: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Colledge

Ludyga

Mücke

et al. 2018

Trials

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BackgroundNumerous studies suggest that exercise may be an effective adjunct treatment for substance use disorders. It has been suggested that exercise-induced improvements in inhibitory control may reduce craving for the substance of abuse. However, this potential mechanism has seldom been researched.ObjectivesThe aim of the ExAlCo Study is to examine how acute bouts of exercise, at varying intensities, impact on craving for cocaine or alcohol. Cerebral haemodynamic responses during cognitive tests of inhibitory control, and exposure to substance-related cue imagery, will also be assessed using functional near-infrared spectroscopy.DesignThe study is a crossover randomised controlled trial. Participants will be recruited from inpatient and outpatient psychiatric treatment centres, on the approval of their treating physician. A healthy control group will be recruited using online advertising. All participants will undergo each of three conditions in randomised order: 20 min of cycle ergometry at 50–60% of maximum heart rate; 20 min of exercise at 70–80% of maximum heart rate; and 20 min of quiet reading. Immediately before and after each condition, participants will be asked to complete a computerised Stroop test, watch a film containing substance-related images and self-report craving levels. During the Stroop test and film viewing, participants’ neural activity will be measured via functional near-infrared spectroscopy.OutcomesThe primary outcome measures are self-reported craving, inhibitory control and cerebral haemodynamic response to the Stroop test and a substance-related film. It is hoped that the findings from this study will shed more light on the role of exercise in the treatment of substance use disorders, particularly its scope in preventing relapse through reduced craving severity.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03502486. Registered retrospectively on 5 April 2018.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13063-018-3062-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Updating of working memory in ecstasy polydrug users: Findings from fNIRS

Cited by 12 publications

References 64 publications

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy as a Measure of Listening Effort in Older Adults Who Use Hearing Aids

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy as a Measure of Listening Effort in Older Adults Who Use Hearing Aids

The Effect of Think Aloud on Performance and Brain Oxygenation During Cycling – An Exploratory Study

The effects of an acute bout of exercise on neural activity in alcohol and cocaine craving: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

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