Updates on the molecular epidemiology of Enterovirus D68 after installation of screening test among acute flaccid paralysis patients in Taiwan

Wei, Hsin-Yi; Yeh, Ting-Kai; Hsieh, Juo-Yu; Lin, Ping‐I; Yang, Jyh-Yuan

doi:10.1016/j.jmii.2017.12.001

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Genotyping of EV-D68 isolates revealed that different subtypes co-circulated in Taiwan. Subclade B3 was the major circulating genotype after 2014 [7] and was used for the testing of neutralizing antibodies in our study. EV-D68 seroprevalence could have been higher if all cocirculating genotypes were tested.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Taiwan Centers for Diseases Control confirmed that EV-D68 circulated in Taiwan, and 92 EV-D68 isolates were identified between 2007 and 2016 [6,7]. In contrast to other enterovirus infections, which usually cause hand, foot and mouth disease or herpangina, EV-D68 tends to cause mild respiratory illness in children but has a propensity to the develop complications, including acute respiratory distress syndrome, especially in those with a preceding history of bronchial asthma [2] and AFM, a rare and devastating condition with no currently available therapy [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Enterovirus D68 seroepidemiology in Taiwan, a cross sectional study from 2017

et al. 2020

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Background Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) was discovered in 1962 and has unique characteristics compared to the characteristics of other enteroviruses. There were few documented cases before the epidemic in the United States in 2014. The Taiwan Centers for Diseases Control also confirmed that EV-D68 has been endemic, and some cases of acute flaccid myelitis were reported in Taiwan. To understand the current EV-D68 serostatus, we performed an EV-D68 seroepidemiology study in Taiwan in 2017. Methods After informed consent was obtained, we enrolled preschool children, 6-to 15-year-old students and 16-to 49-year-old people. The participants underwent a questionnaire investigation and blood sampling to measure the EV-D68 neutralization antibody. Results In total, 920 subjects were enrolled from the northern, central, southern and eastern parts of Taiwan with a male-to-female ratio of 1.03. The EV-D68 seropositive rate was 32% (26/82) in infants, 18% (27/153) in 1-year-old children, 43% (36/83) in 2-year-old children, 60% (94/ 156) in 3-to 5-year-old children, 89% (108/122) in 6-to 11-year-old primary school students, 98% (118/121) in 12-to 15-year-old high school students, 100% (122/122) in 16-to 49-yearold women and 100% (81/81) in 16-to 49-year-old males in 2017. Among preschool children, EV-D68 seropositivity was related to age (p for trend <0.0001), size of household ≧4 members (p = 0.037) and kindergarten attendance (p = 0.027). The seropositive rate varied among different geographic regions. Conclusion EV-D68 infection was prevalent, and its seropositive rates increased with age, larger household size and kindergarten attendance among preschool children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Enterovirus D68 seroepidemiology in Taiwan, a cross sectional study from 2017

et al. 2020

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“…15,16,18,19,22 In Taiwan, the prevalent EV-D68 clades from 2007 to 2013 were A1, A2 and B1, and shifted to clade B3 after 2014. 11,28 Meanwhile, clade A was predominant during 2006 and 2011 in China, but clade B strains emerged after 2011. 55 Different clades of EV-D68 possibly have different virulence and contribute to variant disease severity, 22,56 which needs further investigation in the future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the phylogenetic analysis, endemic circulation of EV-D68 existed in the preceding ten years. 11,28 In total fifty-one cases were confirmed to be EV-D68 infection during June 2015 and December 2017. The case numbers increased in November 2017.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status of enterovirus D68 worldwide and in Taiwan

Chang

2020

Pediatrics & Neonatology

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Enterovirus D68 was first identified in 1962 and caused a worldwide outbreak starting from the North America in 2014. Enterovirus D68 has been in continuous circulation among many countries recently, including Taiwan. Reports also reveal high seroprevalence, which indicates that the disease burden of enterovirus D68 may be underestimated via viral culture or polymerase chain reaction results. Although most infected cases have mild respiratory illness, severe complications including acute flaccid myelitis and acute respiratory distress syndrome have also been reported. In the position of an emerging pathogen, enterovirus D68 poses a threat to public health and may cause devastating diseases. Diverse severity of neurological sequelae remains inevitable among acute flaccid myelitis patients, but no curable treatment is available currently. According to the management suggestions of the American Centers of Disease Control, uses of corticosteroids and plasmapheresis are either preferred or avoided and intravenous immunoglobulin also has no clear indication in the treatment for acute flaccid myelitis. In this review article, we provide information about the epidemiology, clinical recognition and treatment strategy of enterovirus D68. Better understanding of this disease is the foothold for advanced investigation and monitoring in the future.

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“…1, Table 1). Report of severe neurological manifestation that includes acute flaccid paralysis has made this analysis intriguing [9].…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A case report of the enterovirus-D68 associated severe acute respiratory illness in a pediatric case from India

Bhardwaj¹,

Potdar²,

Yadav³

et al. 2019

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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a b s t r a c tSince, early 2000s, there have been several clusters of enterovirus-D68 (EV D68) associated respiratory illness reported from various countries. Recent largest and most wide-spread outbreak of EV-D68 associated severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) occurred in North America. Present report describes a case of EV-D68 associated severe acute respiratory illness from India with a whole genome sequence. The case was identified through retrospective analysis of Influenza SARI surveillance sample collected during September 2017 using Next Generation sequencing. EV D68 positive child aged two years and presented with asthma like symptoms for which he was admitted to ICU. The child tested negative for Influenza, RSV, Rhinovirus, PIV, hMPV and adenovirus, on real time RT-PCR. And on NGS full EV D68 genome was retrieved belonging to sub-clade B3. In ICU, child received anti-bacterial and anti-viral therapy. The child recovered with-out any sequelae and was discharged one week later. Present report highlights the importance of studying this emergent virus EV-D68 through prospective studies to understand the burden and epidemiological pattern in the country and its implications.

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Updates on the molecular epidemiology of Enterovirus D68 after installation of screening test among acute flaccid paralysis patients in Taiwan

Cited by 18 publications

References 10 publications

Enterovirus D68 seroepidemiology in Taiwan, a cross sectional study from 2017

Enterovirus D68 seroepidemiology in Taiwan, a cross sectional study from 2017

Current status of enterovirus D68 worldwide and in Taiwan

A case report of the enterovirus-D68 associated severe acute respiratory illness in a pediatric case from India

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