Updates on sphingolipids: Spotlight on retinopathy

Reduced sphingolipid biosynthesis modulates proteostasis networks to enhance longevity

“…In addition, Myr was first identified in a search for antibiotics [13] and anti-inflammatory drugs [14]. More recently, it has shown beneficial effects in treating age-associated diseases including diabetes, cancers, neurological and cardiovascular disorders [15][16][17][18][19][20] and other diseases including muscular dystrophies, cystic fibrosis and retinopathy [21][22][23] Sphingolipids serve as both structural components of cellular membranes and as signal or regulatory molecules influencing many physiological processes, particularly in mammals [15,[24][25][26]. Because most de novo lipid biosynthesis begins in the endoplasmic reticulum and continues in the Golgi Apparatus before the terminal products are distributed to cellular membranes, Myr treatment has the potential to diminish or enhance a variety of processes.…”

“…In addition, Myr was first identified in a search for antibiotics [13] and anti-inflammatory drugs [14]. More recently, it has shown beneficial effects in treating age-associated diseases including diabetes, cancers, neurological and cardiovascular disorders [15-20] and other diseases including muscular dystrophies, cystic fibrosis and retinopathy [21-23]…”

“…In addition, Myr was first identified in a search for antibiotics (Kluepfel, Bagli, Baker, Charest, & Kudelski, 1972) and anti-inflammatory drugs (Fujita et al, 1994). More recently, it has shown beneficial effects in treating age-associated diseases including diabetes, cancers, neurological and cardiovascular disorders (Lin, Wang, Marcogliese, & Bellen, 2019; Petit et al, 2020; Piano et al, 2020; Quinville, Deschenes, Ryckman, & Walia, 2021; Tippetts, Holland, & Summers, 2021; Woo et al, 2019) and other diseases including muscular dystrophies, cystic fibrosis and retinopathy (Laurila et al, 2022; Mingione et al, 2021; Shiwani et al, 2021)…”

Urinary Mass Spectrometry Profiles in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

“…Sphingolipids are a structurally diverse class of lipids that play an important role in cell membranes, but also participate in signal transduction and cell recognition, representing versatile signaling molecules that regulate multiple physiological and pathological processes [32]. In particular, sphingosine participates in apoptosis and induces cell death in response to multiple inducers, such as oxidative stress, [32,33] a known central pathophysiologic mechanism in AMD [34,35]. Indeed, in the retina, studies have reported that sphingosine promotes the death of photoreceptors and amacrine cells [32,33] and to be involved in AMD progression [32].…”

“…In particular, sphingosine participates in apoptosis and induces cell death in response to multiple inducers, such as oxidative stress, [32,33] a known central pathophysiologic mechanism in AMD [34,35]. Indeed, in the retina, studies have reported that sphingosine promotes the death of photoreceptors and amacrine cells [32,33] and to be involved in AMD progression [32]. Despite this, data on sphingolipid receptors and metabolic enzymes in the retina are still scarce [32].…”