Updates on antibody functions in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and their relevance for developing a vaccine against tuberculosis

Achkar, Jacqueline M.; Prados-Rosales, Rafael

doi:10.1016/j.coi.2018.04.004

Cited by 41 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(115 reference statements)

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“…Our result is consistent with a recent report that in those cases without cavitation, the radiological severity of disease on chest X-ray prior to treatment in smear-positive pulmonary TB patients has no association with the bacterial burden [ 40 ]. It may therefore explain the seemingly paradox association of BMI [ 41 – 43 ] and anti-TB antibody [ 26 , 44 , 45 ] response with the bacterial counts and cavity in TB patients, in our data and previous reports.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Sex influences the association between haemostasis and the extent of lung lesions in tuberculosis

et al. 2018

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BackgroundWorldwide tuberculosis (TB) reports show a male bias in morbidity; however, the differences in pathogenesis between men and women with TB, as well as the mechanisms associated with such differences, are poorly investigated. We hypothesized that comparison of the degree of lung injury and clinical indices of well-matched men and women with newly diagnosed TB, and statistical analysis of the correlation between these indices and the extent of lung lesions, can provide insights into the mechanism of gender bias in TB.MethodsWe evaluated the acid-fast bacilli grading of sputum samples and compiled computed tomography (CT) data of the age-matched, newly diagnosed male and female TB patients without history of smoking or comorbidities. Inflammatory biomarker levels and routine haematological and coagulation-associated parameters were compared. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to define the association between the indices and lung lesions, and the influence of sex adjustment.ResultsWomen with TB have a longer delay in seeking healthcare than men after onset of the TB-associated symptoms. Men with TB have significantly more severe lung lesions (cavities and healing-associated features) and higher bacterial counts compared to women with TB. Scoring of the CT images before and after anti-TB treatment showed a faster response to therapy in women than in men. Coagulation- and platelet-associated indices were in models from multivariate regression analysis with groups of males or females with TB or in combination. In univariate regression analysis, lower lymphocyte counts were associated with both cavity and more bacterial counts, independent of sex, age and BMI. The association of international normalized ratios (INR), prothrombin times (PTs), mean platelet volumes (MPVs) and fibrinogen (FIB) level with lung lesions was mostly influenced by sex adjustment.ConclusionsSex influences the association between haemostasis and extent of TB lung lesions, which may be one mechanism involved in sex bias in TB pathogenesis.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13293-018-0203-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Sex influences the association between haemostasis and the extent of lung lesions in tuberculosis

et al. 2018

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“…In contrast to cell‐mediated immunity, antibodies were previously considered to be less important in controlling intracellular Mtb , and the understanding of humoral immunity in TB is limited. The role of humoral immunity in protection against TB has received attention recently . People who are highly exposed to Mtb but resistant to the disease show IgM and IgG antibody responses and enhanced antibody avidity .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The role of humoral immunity in protection against TB has received attention recently. 40,41 People who are highly exposed to Mtb but resistant to the disease show IgM and IgG antibody responses and enhanced antibody avidity. 42 Antibody Fc functional profiles are different between individual with latent TB infection and patients with active TB, and antibodies from latent TB infection promote enhanced macrophage killing of intracellular Mtb.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PD‐1‐expressing MAIT cells from patients with tuberculosis exhibit elevated production of CXCL13

Jiang

Cao

et al. 2020

Scand J Immunol

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To understand functional role of PD‐1‐expressing MAIT cells during tuberculosis infection in humans, sorted PD‐1+ and PD‐1− MAIT cells from pleural effusions of patients with pleural tuberculosis were subjected to transcriptome sequencing. PD‐1‐expressing MAIT cells were analysed by flow cytometry and their phenotypic and functional features were investigated. Transcriptome sequencing identified 144 genes that were differentially expressed between PD‐1+ and PD‐1− MAIT cells from tuberculous pleural effusions and CXCL13 was the gene with highest fold difference. The level of PD‐1‐expressing MAIT cells was associated with extent of TB infection in humans. PD‐1‐expressing MAIT cells had increased production of CXCL13 and IL‐21 as determined by flow cytometry. PD‐1highCXCR5− MAIT cells were significantly expanded in pleural effusions from patients with pleural tuberculosis as compared with those from peripheral blood of both patients with tuberculosis and healthy controls. Although PD‐1highCXCR5− MAIT cells from tuberculous pleural effusions had reduced IFN‐γ level and increased expression of Tim‐3 and GITR, they showed activated phenotype and had higher glucose uptake and lipid content. It is concluded that PD‐1‐expressing MAIT cells had reduced IFN‐γ level but increased production of both CXCL13 and IL‐21.

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“…Hence, we did not further investigate humoral immunity, B cell characteristics or innate (trained) immune responses. The importance of such immune responses in TB has recently received renewed attention (62, 63). In particular the distinct antibody glycosylation pattern identified in human LTBI (64) has highlighted a potentially important role for antibody-mediated effector function in controlling latent infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BCG Vaccination Prevents Reactivation of Latent Lymphatic Murine Tuberculosis Independently of CD4+ T Cells

et al. 2019

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global public health problem causing significant mortality and morbidity. In addition to ~10.4 million cases of active TB annually, it is estimated that about two billion people are latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ), the causative agent of TB. Reactivation of latent Mtb infection is the leading cause of death in patients with immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The low efficiency of the only licensed anti-TB vaccine, Bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) to reduce pulmonary TB in adults contributes to this problem. Here we investigated if vaccination with conventional BCG or the genetically modified experimental BCGΔBCG1419c strain can prevent reactivation of latent lymphatic TB in a mouse model of induced reactivation, following the depletion of CD4 + T cells, as it occurs in HIV + individuals. Vaccination with conventional BCG or BCGΔBCG1419c prevented reactivation of Mtb from the infected lymph node and the systemic spread of Mtb to spleen and lung. Prevention of reactivation was independent of vaccination route and was accompanied by reduced levels of circulating inflammatory cytokines and the absence of lung pathology. Our results demonstrate that vaccine-induced CD4 + T cells are not essential to prevent reactivation of latent lymphatic murine TB, and highlight the need to better understand how non-CD4 + immune cell populations participate in protective immune responses to control latent TB.

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Updates on antibody functions in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and their relevance for developing a vaccine against tuberculosis

Cited by 41 publications

References 78 publications

Sex influences the association between haemostasis and the extent of lung lesions in tuberculosis

Sex influences the association between haemostasis and the extent of lung lesions in tuberculosis

PD‐1‐expressing MAIT cells from patients with tuberculosis exhibit elevated production of CXCL13

BCG Vaccination Prevents Reactivation of Latent Lymphatic Murine Tuberculosis Independently of CD4+ T Cells

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