Updates for the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury

Kirshblum, Steven; Waring, William P.

doi:10.1016/j.pmr.2014.04.001

Cited by 229 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

148

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The PTh was tested at four different dermatomes (C4, C6, C8, and T10) in a randomized order according to the International Standards for the Neurological Classification of SCI (ISNCSCI) map of key sensory points [Kirshblum et al, 2011]. Briefly, C4 was stimulated in an area over the acromioclavicular joint, C6 and C8 were stimulated on the lateral and medial aspect of the dorsum of the hand, and T10 was stimulated in an area 5 cm lateral to the umbilicus.…”

Section: Pth Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in cortical coding of heat evoked pain beyond the perceived intensity: An fMRI and EEG study

Haefeli

Freund

Kramer

et al. 2013

Human Brain Mapping

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Imaging studies have identified a wide network of brain areas activated by nociceptive stimuli and revealed differences in somatotopic representation of highly distinct stimulation sites (foot vs. hand) in the primary (S1) and secondary (S2) somatosensory cortices. Somatotopic organization between adjacent dermatomes and differences in cortical coding of similarly perceived nociceptive stimulation are less well studied. Here, cortical processing following contact heat nociceptive stimulation of cervical (C4, C6, and C8) and trunk (T10) dermatomes were recorded in 20 healthy subjects using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG). Stimulation of T10 compared with the C6 and C8 revealed significant higher response intensity in the left S1 (contralateral) and the right S2 (ipsilateral) even when the perceived pain was equal between stimulation sites. Accordingly, contact heat evoked potentials following stimulation of T10 showed significantly higher N2P2 amplitudes compared to C6 and C8. Adjacent dermatomes did not reveal a distinct somatotopical representation. Within the assessed cervical and trunk dermatomes, nociceptive cortical processing to heat differs significantly in magnitude even when controlling for pain perception. This study provides evidence that controlling for pain perception is not sufficient to compare directly the magnitude of cortical processing [blood oxygen level dependence (BOLD) response and amplitude of evoked potentials] between body sites. Hum Brain Mapp 35:1379-1389,

show abstract

Section: Pth Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in cortical coding of heat evoked pain beyond the perceived intensity: An fMRI and EEG study

Haefeli

Freund

Kramer

et al. 2013

Human Brain Mapping

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Neurological status was classified according to the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) classification [11], with ASIA E representing normal neurological function and ASIA D without progressive neurological deficits being interpreted as minimally impaired neurological function. All surgical patients presented with symptoms warranting palliative surgical intervention including pathological fracture, intractable back pain, and impending deterioration of neurological status.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Introducing the Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score in Routine Clinical Practice for Patients With Spinal Metastases

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background. Stable spinal metastases are effectively treated with radiotherapy, whereas unstable spinal metastases often need surgical fixation followed by radiotherapy for local control. The Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS) was developed as a tool to assess spinal neoplastic related instability with the goal of helping to guide referrals among oncology specialists. We compare the average degree of spinal instability between patients with spinal metastases referred for surgery or for radiotherapy and evaluate whether this difference changed after introduction of the SINS in clinical practice. Methods. All patients with spinal metastases treated with palliative surgery or radiotherapy in the period 2009-2013 were identified in two spine centers. For all patients, the SINS was scored on pretreatment imaging. The SINS before and

show abstract

“…There are scoring systems for numerous other medical disorders such as cerebral palsy [8], spinal cord injury [18] and multiple sclerosis [19]. Nonetheless, there is no such separate system to evaluate the patients with VI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Functional Scoring System to Assess the Level of Impairment in Patients with Low Vision Impairment

Shroff¹

2017

OJOph

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Low vision is referred to as visual impairment (VI) if it is not cured through surgery, drugs, spectacles or contact lenses. It interferes with day-to-day living activities and is associated with the major eye blinding diseases. Numerous tests are used to carry out diagnosis of VI, but their outcomes are unreliable. Objective: To develop a functional scoring system, for accessing the ailment of patients with VI based on observations and clinical symptoms. Methods and Findings: We prepared the list of all possible symptoms that were associated with low vision. Based on this list, we established a scoring system, Nutech Functional Score (NFS), which is a 33-point positional and directional scoring system that evaluates the patient with VI. The scores have been converted into numeric values for conducting probability based studies. All the symptoms are graded between 1 to 5 that runs in BAD → GOOD direction. Conclusion: NFS is a distinctive tool that can be used globally to evaluate the patients with low vision.

show abstract

Updates for the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury

Cited by 229 publications

References 23 publications

Differences in cortical coding of heat evoked pain beyond the perceived intensity: An fMRI and EEG study

Differences in cortical coding of heat evoked pain beyond the perceived intensity: An fMRI and EEG study

The Effect of Introducing the Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score in Routine Clinical Practice for Patients With Spinal Metastases

A Functional Scoring System to Assess the Level of Impairment in Patients with Low Vision Impairment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About