Update on the pathogenesis of Haemophilus parasuis infection and virulence factors

Zhang, Bin; Tang, Cheng; Liao, Ming; Yue, Hua

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.07.027

Cited by 46 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…It is thought that the CdtB subunit enters the cell with the help of CdtA and CdtC [6]. The tripartite model was confirmed despite the fact that CDT-specific phenotypes were reported in some cases in lack of A and / or C subunit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Haemophilus parasuis cytolethal distending toxin induces cell cycle arrest and p53-dependent apoptosis

Niu

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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Haemophilus parasuis is the causative agent of Glasser’s disease in pigs. Cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) is an important virulence factor of H. parasuis. It is composed of three subunits: CdtA, CdtB and CdtC and all were successfully expressed in soluble form in Escherichia coli when the signal peptides were removed. Purified CdtB had DNase activity, i.e. caused DNA double strand damage, in vitro and in vivo prior to cell arrest and apoptosis. Flow cytometry analysis showed CdtB alone could induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in PK-15 porcine kidney and pulmonary alveolar macrophage (PAM) cells, which could be enhanced by CdtA or/and CdtC. CDT holotoxin could lead to significant cell distension, G2 arrest and apoptotic death in PK-15 and PAM cells. The apoptosis induced by CDT holotoxin was significantly inhibited by pifithrin-α, which indicates that it is p53-dependent. The results suggest that H. parasuis CDT holotoxin is a major virulence factor.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The subject of this study is the cytolethal distending toxin of H . parasuis (HparCDT) [6], a virulence factor that has been reported to facilitate attachment to host cells and evade the immune system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemophilus parasuis cytolethal distending toxin induces cell cycle arrest and p53-dependent apoptosis

Niu

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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“…Haemophilus parasuis causes Glässer’s disease in young pigs [88]. This systemic disease is characterized by polyserositis and fibrinopurulent polyarthritis.…”

Section: Bacteriocins In Poultry and Swine Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial potential of bacteriocins in poultry and swine production

Lagha

Haas

Gottschalk

et al. 2017

Vet Res

121

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The routine use of antibiotics in agriculture has contributed to an increase in drug-resistant bacterial pathogens in animals that can potentially be transmitted to humans. In 2000, the World Health Organization identified resistance to antibiotics as one of the most significant global threats to public health and recommended that the use of antibiotics as additives in animal feed be phased out or terminated, particularly those used to treat human infections. Research is currently being carried out to identify alternative antimicrobial compounds for use in animal production. A number of studies, mostly in vitro, have provided evidence indicating that bacteriocins, which are antimicrobial peptides of bacterial origin, may be promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics in poultry and swine production. This review provides an update on bacteriocins and their potential for use in the poultry and swine industries.

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“…Under certain circumstances, some strains spread to the lungs to cause pneumonia or invade systemic sites. Systemic invasion produces fibrinous polyserositis and arthritis, which are the characteristic lesions of Gläss-er's disease (2,3).…”

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confidence: 99%

Novel bla _ROB-1 -Bearing Plasmid Conferring Resistance to β-Lactams in Haemophilus parasuis Isolates from Healthy Weaning Pigs

Moleres

Santos-López

Lázaro

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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g Haemophilus parasuis, the causative agent of Glässer's disease, is one of the early colonizers of the nasal mucosa of piglets. It is prevalent in swine herds, and lesions associated with disease are fibrinous polyserositis and bronchopneumonia. Antibiotics are commonly used in disease control, and resistance to several antibiotics has been described in H. parasuis. Prediction of H. parasuis virulence is currently limited by our scarce understanding of its pathogenicity. Some genes have been associated with H. parasuis virulence, such as lsgB and group 1 vtaA, while biofilm growth has been associated with nonvirulent strains. In this study, 86 H. parasuis nasal isolates from farms that had not had a case of disease for more than 10 years were obtained by sampling piglets at weaning. Isolates were studied by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR and determination of the presence of lsgB and group 1 vtaA, biofilm formation, inflammatory cell response, and resistance to antibiotics. As part of the diversity encountered, a novel 2,661-bp plasmid, named pJMA-1, bearing the bla ROB-1 ␤-lactamase was detected in eight colonizing strains. pJMA-1 was shown to share a backbone with other small plasmids described in the Pasteurellaceae, to be 100% stable, and to have a lower biological cost than the previously described plasmid pB1000. pJMA-1 was also found in nine H. parasuis nasal strains from a separate collection, but it was not detected in isolates from the lesions of animals with Glässer's disease or in nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae isolates. Altogether, we show that commensal H. parasuis isolates represent a reservoir of ␤-lactam resistance genes which can be transferred to pathogens or other bacteria. Haemophilus parasuis is an early colonizer and a member of the normal microbiota of the upper respiratory tract of piglets. H. parasuis initial acquisition occurs through direct contact with the sow after birth, and the bacterium establishes colonization in the upper respiratory tract, with a maximum level of colonization occurring at about 2 months of age (1). Under certain circumstances, some strains spread to the lungs to cause pneumonia or invade systemic sites. Systemic invasion produces fibrinous polyserositis and arthritis, which are the characteristic lesions of Gläss-er's disease (2, 3).Although H. parasuis is an important swine pathogen, its hostpathogen interactions remain to be well understood. Different H. parasuis strains can be isolated from the nasal cavity of a given animal, and these nasal strains are not particularly stable, since they experience turnover during the life of the pigs (1, 4-6). Strains of H. parasuis are heterogeneous and include virulent and nonvirulent strains. It is common to find nonvirulent strains in the upper respiratory tract of healthy animals, but virulent strains can also be found (6). Different methods have been developed to differentiate H. parasuis strains. Genotyping methods include multilocus sequence typing (MLST) (7,8), partial sequence of the 60-...

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Update on the pathogenesis of Haemophilus parasuis infection and virulence factors

Cited by 46 publications

References 68 publications

Haemophilus parasuis cytolethal distending toxin induces cell cycle arrest and p53-dependent apoptosis

Haemophilus parasuis cytolethal distending toxin induces cell cycle arrest and p53-dependent apoptosis

Antimicrobial potential of bacteriocins in poultry and swine production

Novel bla _ROB-1 -Bearing Plasmid Conferring Resistance to β-Lactams in Haemophilus parasuis Isolates from Healthy Weaning Pigs

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Update on the pathogenesis of Haemophilus parasuis infection and virulence factors

Cited by 46 publications

References 68 publications

Haemophilus parasuis cytolethal distending toxin induces cell cycle arrest and p53-dependent apoptosis

Haemophilus parasuis cytolethal distending toxin induces cell cycle arrest and p53-dependent apoptosis

Antimicrobial potential of bacteriocins in poultry and swine production

Novel bla ROB-1 -Bearing Plasmid Conferring Resistance to β-Lactams in Haemophilus parasuis Isolates from Healthy Weaning Pigs

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Product

Resources

About

Novel bla _ROB-1 -Bearing Plasmid Conferring Resistance to β-Lactams in Haemophilus parasuis Isolates from Healthy Weaning Pigs