Update on the molecular biology of dyslipidemias

Ramasamy, Indra

doi:10.1016/j.cca.2015.10.033

Cited by 109 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 593 publications

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“…High levels of ApoB are thought to be a primary cause of vascular complications such as atherosclerosis, heart disease, and stroke, and mutations in the APOB gene are associated with hypercholesterolemia [30]. Studies have suggested cholesterol and apolipoproteins as candidate psychiatric biomarkers [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-Aptamer Technology Identifies C4A and ApoB in Blood as Potential Markers for Schizophrenia

et al. 2018

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The field of proteomics is rapidly gaining territory as a promising alternative to genomic approaches in the efforts to unravel the complex molecular mechanisms underlying schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. X-aptamer technology has emerged as a novel proteomic approach for high-sensitivity analyses, and we hypothesized that this technology would identify unique molecular signatures in plasma samples from schizophrenia patients (n = 60) compared to controls (n = 20). Using a combinatorial library of X-aptamer beads, we developed a two-color flow cytometer-based approach to identify specific X-aptamers that bound with high specificity to each target group. Based on this, we synthesized two unique X-aptamer sequences, and specific proteins pulled down from the patient and control groups by these X-aptamers were identified by mass spectrometry. We identified two protein biomarkers, complement component C4A and ApoB, upregulated in plasma samples from schizophrenia patients. ELISA validation suggested that the observed differences in C4 levels in patients are likely due to the presence of the illness itself, while ApoB may be a marker of antipsychotic-induced alterations. These studies highlight the utility of the X-aptamer technology in the identification of biomarkers for schizophrenia that will advance our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of this disorder.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-Aptamer Technology Identifies C4A and ApoB in Blood as Potential Markers for Schizophrenia

et al. 2018

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“…Familial hypercholesterolemia is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by elevated blood low-density lipoprotein levels (LDL). More than 150 mutations in the LDL receptor gene and in genes encoding the proteins apolipoprotein B (APOB), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and low density lipoprotein receptor adaptor protein 1 (LDLRAP1) that interact with the LDL receptor, are associated with the disease [48, 49]. …”

Section: Metabolic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolism disrupting chemicals and metabolic disorders

Heindel

Blumberg

Cave

et al. 2017

Reproductive Toxicology

815

651

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The recent epidemics of metabolic diseases, obesity, type 2 diabetes(T2D), liver lipid disorders and metabolic syndrome have largely been attributed to genetic background and changes in diet, exercise and aging. However, there is now considerable evidence that other environmental factors may contribute to the rapid increase in the incidence of these metabolic diseases. This review will examine changes to the incidence of obesity, T2D and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the contribution of genetics to these disorders and describe the role of the endocrine system in these metabolic disorders. It will then specifically focus on the role of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the etiology of obesity, T2D and NAFLD while finally integrating the information on EDCs on multiple metabolic disorders that could lead to metabolic syndrome. We will specifically examine evidence linking EDC exposures during critical periods of development with metabolic diseases that manifest later in life and across generations.

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“…HNF4α is a master regulator of lipid metabolism in the liver 57 . It binds to and is activated by FFA 58 .…”

Section: Transcriptional Control Of the Human Apoc2 Genementioning

confidence: 99%

Apolipoprotein C-II: New findings related to genetics, biochemistry, and role in triglyceride metabolism

et al. 2017

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Apolipoprotein C-II (apoC-II) is a small exchangeable apolipoprotein found on triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL), such as chylomicrons (CM) and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), and on high-density lipoproteins (HDL), particularly during fasting. ApoC-II plays a critical role in TRL metabolism by acting as a cofactor of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), the main enzyme that hydrolyses plasma triglycerides (TG) on TRL. Here, we present an overview of the role of apoC-II in TG metabolism, emphasizing recent novel findings regarding its transcriptional regulation and biochemistry. We also review the 24 genetic mutations in the APOC2 gene reported to date that cause hypertriglyceridemia (HTG). Finally, we describe the clinical presentation of apoC-II deficiency and assess the current therapeutic approaches, as well as potential novel emerging therapies.

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Update on the molecular biology of dyslipidemias

Cited by 109 publications

References 593 publications

X-Aptamer Technology Identifies C4A and ApoB in Blood as Potential Markers for Schizophrenia

X-Aptamer Technology Identifies C4A and ApoB in Blood as Potential Markers for Schizophrenia

Metabolism disrupting chemicals and metabolic disorders

Apolipoprotein C-II: New findings related to genetics, biochemistry, and role in triglyceride metabolism

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