Update on Ongoing Tank Car Crashworthiness Research: Predicted Performance and Fabrication Approach

Carolan, Michael; Tyrell, David; Talamini, Brandon

doi:10.1115/jrc2008-63052

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Figure 5 shows the various stages of assembly for an alternative design. This illustration differs from that shown in the original [3] in two ways. Here only the ends (head) of the conventional tank are reinforced.…”

Section: Preliminary Conceptual Designcontrasting

confidence: 39%

“…Under these assumptions, the initial evaluations suggested that the desired performance goal could be attained [3]. Considering the generalized head impact scenario, the improved design was shown to absorb about eight times as much energy as the conventional tank.…”

Section: Figure 5: Progression Of Conceptual Design Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A preliminary conceptual design that integrates the four functions was developed and described in previous work [3]. This alternative design treats the conventional tank as a protected entity which is encased by a separate carbody.…”

Section: Preliminary Conceptual Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous work on the improved design development is reviewed, which includes the overall approach in developing an improved design [2] and the preliminary conceptual design developed from that approach [3]. Moreover, this paper examines the evaluation of welded steel sandwich structures as a means to protect the commodity tank against penetrations from impacting objects in the event of a collision.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved Tank Car Design Development: Ongoing Studies on Sandwich Structures

Jeong

Tyrell

Carolan

et al. 2009

2009 Joint Rail Conference

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The Government and industry have a common interest in improving the safety performance of railroad tank cars carrying hazardous materials. Research is ongoing to develop strategies to maintain the structural integrity of railroad tank cars carrying hazardous materials (hazmat) during collisions.This paper describes engineering studies on improved tank car concepts. The process used to formulate these concepts is based on a traditional mechanical engineering design approach. This approach includes initially defining the desired performance, developing strategies that are effective in meeting this performance, and developing the tactics for implementing the strategies. The tactics are embodied in the concept. The tactics and concept evolve through engineering design studies, until a design satisfying all of the design requirements is developed.Design requirements include service, manufacturing, maintenance, repair, and inspection requirements, as well as crashworthiness performance requirements.One of the concepts under development encases the pressurized commodity-carrying tank in a separate carbody. Moreover, this improved tank car concept treats the pressurized commodity-carrying tank as a protected entity. Welded steel sandwich structures are examined as a means to offer protection of the commodity tank against penetrations from impacting objects in the event of a collision. Sandwich structures can provide greater strength than solid plates of equal weight. Protection of the tank is realized through blunting of the impacting object and absorption of the collision energy. Blunting distributes impact loads over a larger area of the tank. Energy absorption reduces the demands on the commodity tank in the event of an impact. In addition, the exterior carbody structure made from sandwich panels is designed to take all of the in-service loads, removing the commodity tank from the load path during normal operations.Design studies described in this paper focus on the protection aspect of using sandwich structures. Studies are conducted to investigate the influence of different parameters, such as sandwich height and core geometry, on the forcedeformation behavior of sandwich structures. Calculations are carried out numerically using nonlinear finite element analysis. These analyses are used to examine the crashworthiness performance of the conceptual design under generalized impact scenarios.

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Section: Preliminary Conceptual Designcontrasting

confidence: 39%

Section: Figure 5: Progression Of Conceptual Design Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preliminary Conceptual Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved Tank Car Design Development: Ongoing Studies on Sandwich Structures

Jeong

Tyrell

Carolan

et al. 2009

2009 Joint Rail Conference

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“…A. Definition of materials ASTM TC-128B steel was selected as the material of the structure because currently most tank cars are currently made with this material [14], whose properties are shown in Table II. A36 structural steel was defined as material of the lugs because according to regulations, these additions must be simulated numerically with this material.…”

Section: B Formulations For Linear Problems Of Elasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Static and Fatigue Analysis of the Front Draft Lugs of a Railroad Tank-Car Using FEM

Escandón¹,

Diaz²,

Pineda³

et al. 2014

IJETT

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Abstract-In this work the main results of a static and fatigue analysis performed by means of a computational model of a Tank-Car are presented. The tensile load (draft) is the more continuous condition presented during typical service situations, and is directly applied over the front draft lugs when the train starts its movement. In this sense, a three-dimensional finite element analysis of the wagon is carried out in the ANSYS Workbench platform. The static loads are applied in orden to estimate the fatigue life of the lugs. The material properties and boundary conditions were applied directly in accordance with the guidelines set out by the American Association of Railroads (AAR). The results of this analysis can be a useful tool for designers of railway equipment and to improve the designs safety.

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Deformation Behavior of Welded Steel Sandwich Panels Under Quasi-Static Loading

Carolan

Jeong

Perlman

et al. 2011

2011 Joint Rail Conference

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For the past two decades, the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) Office of Research and Development has sponsored research conducted by the Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (Volpe Center) in safety matters related to the transportation of hazardous materials by railroad tank cars. Recent research conducted by the Volpe Center has included the application of semi-empirical and computational (i.e., finite element analysis) methods to estimate the puncture resistance of conventional railroad tank cars under generalized head and shell impact scenarios. Subsequent work identified sandwich structures as a potential technology to improve the puncture resistance of the commodity-carrying tank under impact loading conditions. This paper summarizes basic research (i.e., testing and analysis) conducted to examine the deformation behavior of flat-welded steel sandwich panels under two types of quasi-static loading:(1) uniaxial compression; and (2) bending through an indenter. The objectives of these tests were to: (1) confirm the analytical and computational (i.e., finite element) modeling of sandwich structures, (2) examine the fabrication issues associated with such structures (e.g., material selection and welding processes), and (3) observe the deformation behavior and local collapse mechanisms under the two different types of loading. In addition, the uniaxial compression tests were performed to rank or screen different core geometries. Five core geometries were examined in the compression tests: pipe or tubular cores with outer diameters equal to 2, 3, and 5 inches; a 2-inch square diamond core; and a double-corrugated core called an X-core with a 5-inch core height.The compression tests showed excellent repeatability of structural (i.e., force-crush) response for panels with similar cores and welding. The 3-inch pipe core and the diamond core were selected as candidate cores for the next test series because they possess attributes of moderate strength and moderate relative density. In addition, force-crush curves calculated from finite element analysis were in reasonable agreement with the measured curves for all cores.

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Update on Ongoing Tank Car Crashworthiness Research: Predicted Performance and Fabrication Approach

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Improved Tank Car Design Development: Ongoing Studies on Sandwich Structures

Improved Tank Car Design Development: Ongoing Studies on Sandwich Structures

Static and Fatigue Analysis of the Front Draft Lugs of a Railroad Tank-Car Using FEM

Deformation Behavior of Welded Steel Sandwich Panels Under Quasi-Static Loading

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