Update on nitrous oxide and its use in anesthesia practice

Zafirova, Zdravka; Sheehan, Colin; Hosseinian, Leila

doi:10.1016/j.bpa.2018.06.003

Cited by 28 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…N 2 O, first used in anesthesia in 1772, 39 has been extensively studied in various procedures and areas, such as dental care, pulmonary endoscopy, venous cannulation, clip removal, fractures, and minor procedures (burn dressing and abscess drainage) because of its pain relief properties. 20 N 2 O/O 2 mixture is suitable for use as an analgesic in various procedures because of its analgesic properties, safety profile, rapid reversal, and self-administration by patients. 40,41 A randomized, double-blinded trial compared 50% N 2 O/O 2 inhalation with medical air inhalation to treat moderate-to-severe acute pain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Fixed Nitrous Oxide and Oxygen Mixture for Analgesia in Children With Leukemia With Lumbar Puncture–induced Pain: A Randomized, Double-blind Controlled Trial

Liu

Chai

Wang

et al. 2019

Journal of Pain and Symptom Management

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Context. Leukemia is the most common cancer in the childhood population. Lumbar puncture (LP) plays central role in the diagnosis and treatment process, but options for analgesia are limited.Objectives. The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a fixed N 2 O/O 2 mixture to reduce pain in children with leukemia during LP as compared with placebo.Methods. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, and randomized clinical trial involving children who needed LP for diagnosis or treatment was conducted in the pediatrics department of the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to inhale either a fixed N 2 O/O 2 mixture or O 2 . The primary endpoint was the maximal pain level felt by the patient during the procedure measured using a numerical rating scale (0e10).Results. One-hundred fourteen consecutive patients were enrolled in this study and randomized. Pain scores during the procedure showed a significant decrease in N 2 O/O 2 mixtureetreated patients to 1.05 AE 1.40 versus 8.00 AE 2.13 in controls (P < 0.01). No serious adverse effects were attributed to N 2 O/O 2 mixture inhalation. Analysis of the satisfaction of patients receiving N 2 O/O 2 mixture indicated that medical staff were satisfied with this treatment.Conclusions. This study demonstrated that self-administered fixed N 2 O/O 2 is efficient to reduce pain related to LP in children with leukemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The safety of self-administered N 2 O/O 2 mixture for pain management has also been demonstrated in previous studies. 19,20 In the present study, we aim to test the hypothesis that a fixed N 2 O/O 2 mixture can provide the same analgesic effect in controlling pain in patients with acute leukemia during their LP procedure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fixed Nitrous Oxide and Oxygen Mixture for Analgesia in Children With Leukemia With Lumbar Puncture–induced Pain: A Randomized, Double-blind Controlled Trial

Liu

Chai

Wang

et al. 2019

Journal of Pain and Symptom Management

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“…Blood-gas partition coefficient for nitrous oxide is low approximately 0.47, resulting in a rapid onset and offset. 13…”

Section: Nitrous Oxidementioning

confidence: 99%

Inhalation anaesthetics: types, mechanism of action and adverse effects

Bogari

Aldakhil

Alsuwaidan³

et al. 2022

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Inhalational anesthetics have been used to induce and maintain general anaesthesia for more than 150 years. These anaesthetic agents are commonly used in the surgical and clinical practice solely and as a conjugant with other anaesthetics. Since inhalational anaesthetic agents develop amnesia, loss of awareness, and reduce reactions to painful surgical stimuli, they are an essential part of general anaesthesia. The choice of anaesthetic agent is based on the procedure's duration and type, patient characteristics, the attending anaesthesiologist’s preferences, and occasionally on institutional protocols. These medications are administered to the patient through the anesthetic circuit using a special vaporizer. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about inhalation anaesthetics: types, mechanism of action and adverse effects. Nitrous oxide is one of the earliest anaesthetic agents while isoflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane are three commonly used inhalational anaesthetics. The low-solubility inhalation anaesthetics desflurane and sevoflurane have several clinical advantages over isoflurane, including rapid induction and faster recovery after prolonged treatment. However, isoflurane can sometimes be used effectively enough to match the induction and recovery times of other drugs. Inhalation anaesthetics work by suppressing inhibitory signals such as chloride channels and potassium channels and enhancing excitatory signals such as acetylcholine, muscarinic and nicotinic receptors, glutamate and serotonin in the central nervous system. Certain side effects including nausea, vomiting, malignant hyperthermia, post-operative cognitive impairment is associated with their use. More research is needed to further enhance the safety profile of available inhalation anaesthetics and can further lead to discovery of new, safe anaesthetics.

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“…Few literature reports discuss the capture of toxic gases through porous materials from a molecular simulation point of view. The computational approach allows researchers to avoid the experimental constraints related to security and/or material degradation. , It is important to note that nitrogen oxide is recognized as a harmful gas, meanwhile its ability to serve in medical applications is well known and discussed in different recent scientific reviews. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives in Adsorptive and Catalytic Mitigations of NO_x Using Metal–Organic Frameworks

et al. 2022

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Update on nitrous oxide and its use in anesthesia practice

Cited by 28 publications

References 80 publications

A Fixed Nitrous Oxide and Oxygen Mixture for Analgesia in Children With Leukemia With Lumbar Puncture–induced Pain: A Randomized, Double-blind Controlled Trial

A Fixed Nitrous Oxide and Oxygen Mixture for Analgesia in Children With Leukemia With Lumbar Puncture–induced Pain: A Randomized, Double-blind Controlled Trial

Inhalation anaesthetics: types, mechanism of action and adverse effects

Perspectives in Adsorptive and Catalytic Mitigations of NO_x Using Metal–Organic Frameworks

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Update on nitrous oxide and its use in anesthesia practice

Cited by 28 publications

References 80 publications

A Fixed Nitrous Oxide and Oxygen Mixture for Analgesia in Children With Leukemia With Lumbar Puncture–induced Pain: A Randomized, Double-blind Controlled Trial

A Fixed Nitrous Oxide and Oxygen Mixture for Analgesia in Children With Leukemia With Lumbar Puncture–induced Pain: A Randomized, Double-blind Controlled Trial

Inhalation anaesthetics: types, mechanism of action and adverse effects

Perspectives in Adsorptive and Catalytic Mitigations of NOx Using Metal–Organic Frameworks

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Perspectives in Adsorptive and Catalytic Mitigations of NO_x Using Metal–Organic Frameworks