Update on newer approaches to prevent or treat COVID-19 infection: What we all need the most right now!!

Abstract

COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) therapy involves the use of circulating antibodies administration from recovered COVID 19 patients as a practical strategy to provide immediate passive immunity in susceptible recipients in need. Global concern over the potential for "second" or "third" waves of infection to occur before effective vaccines or drug therapies are available has many looking at other biological sources for large-scale production of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. This report summarizes some of the novel strategies for developing alternative safe sources of therapeutic autologous antibodies from COVID-19 infected patients, and provides some original thoughts on how to rapidly implement a safe passive immunity in those COVID-19 patients who are most in need of intervention. COVID-19 antibodies can be isolated or delivered using a number of other techniques including: plasmapheresis, plasma cryoprecipitate reduced (cryosupernatant), antibody hyperconcentrates and advanced cell-based delivery systems. While these proposed technological options may, in some cases, be theoretical, the growing concern over the rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has prompted many to pursue innovative and creative solutions to reduce the mortality and morbidity resulting from the current global pandemic. A comparative analysis of various strategies currently in use deserved exploring and this highlighted separately as the essential part of this concise theme.

Immunotherapy for COVID-19: Evolving treatment of viral infection and associated adverse immunological reactions

“…Yet we should not to underestimate our resourcefulness. With advancing developmental technologies [31], we should improve in the future.…”

“…Passive immunotherapy has been achieved in patients by plasma exchange and the results followed by many clinical investigators internationally but not without controversy. The problem has been the uncontrolled use of CCP given the variability of the products and selection of patients and timing of administration [19,31].…”

“…Affinity adsorption column technology can be utilized for the preparation of the immunoglobulin hyperconcentrate [1,20,31]. A component of neutralizing antibodies can be selected from a pool of convalescent plasma (P-NAB) to supplement CCP.…”

A Supportive Viewpoint Narrative On the Beneficial Use of Astrazeneca, The World Vaccine to Survive Cov-2’ Fatality in The Pandemic: Evidence–Based Life Saving Outcomes Versus the Potential Coincidental Risk of a Very Rare Reported Blood Clot

“…The use of some smart and intelligence led technologies and machine learning tools to identify the best practice and more effective communication are essential to overcome the high levels of vaccine hesitancy that still exist in some part of the world, despite the enormous progresses that we are witnessing that have been made with success on passive immunotherapy to survive CoV-2 variants [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Moreover currently attentions are focused on the developing some variants' tar geted vaccines and development of some booster bioproducts, [free from autoantibodies, activated complements and cytokines, as the potential side effects coronavirus convalescent plasma therapy, as some alternatives therapeutic intervention using modern technologies [9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

“…In fact, in this context there is a change of policy in the USA as after a week of fears and hesitation, to persue again the successful rollout of the Janssen vaccine, the first one dose vaccine design, and it is now back for use as a new armature to BEAT COVID and expectedly there is no changes in the UK rollout protocols are made due to fear of very rare potential side effects as almost 50 million doses of vaccines have been administered to of the UK populations without any major side effects. The use of some smart and intelligence led technologies and machine learning tools to identify the best practice and for more effective communication are essential to overcome high levels of vaccine hesitancy that still exist in some part of the world, despite the enormous progresses that we are witnessing have been made with success on passive immunotherapy to survive CoV-2 variants [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Currently attentions are focused on the development of targeted vaccines against variants and some booster bioproducts free from autoantibodies, activated complements and cytokines, as a safer and more effective coronavirus convalescent plasma-derived alternative therapies [9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”