Update on new trends and progress of natural active ingredients in the intervention of Alzheimer's disease, based on understanding of traditional Chinese and Western relevant theories: A review

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the major neurological disorders causing death in the elderly worldwide. As a neurodegenerative disease that is difficult to prevent and cure, the pathogenesis of AD is complex and there is no effective cure. A variety of natural products derived from plants have been reported to have promising anti‐AD activities, including flavonoids, terpenes, phenolic acids and alkaloids, which can effectively relieve the symptoms of AD in a variety of ways. This paper mainly reviews the pharmacological activity and mechanisms of natural products against AD. Although the clinical efficacy of these plants still needs to be determined by further high‐quality studies, it may also provide a basis for future researchers to study anti‐AD in depth.

Gadolinium-Based Magnetic Resonance Theranostic Agent with Gallic Acid as an Anti-Neuroinflammatory and Antioxidant Agent

“…Non-flavonoid polyphenols encompass phenolic acids, tannins, and stilbenes. Numerous phenolic acids and derivatives have proven effective in preventing and treating conditions by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators in various diseases, including lung injury [46,47], hepatitis [48], cancer [49], Alzheimer's [50], and Parkinson's disease [51]. Phenolic acids, such as gallic acid, contain a carboxylic acid group and can contribute to the stabilization of the amide bond with the amine group.…”

“…In the 9.4 T MRI study, T 1 relaxation times were obtained using rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement at variable TR (RARE-VTR) sequence. T 1 images were acquired at various TR ranges (50,75,100,150,200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 800, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000, 5000, 7500, and 10,000 ms). T 2 relaxation times were determined using the multi-echo spin-echo (MESE) sequence with 70 different TEs (10-700 ms).…”