Update on Epidemiology and Treatment of MRSA Infections in Children

David, Michael Z.; Daum, Robert S.

doi:10.1007/s40124-013-0023-7

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 92 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…We also evaluated the activity of these isomers on community associated MRSA (CA‐MRSA, commonly known as USA300). The virulent USA300 strain has been shown to colonize in neonates and infants in several NICUs across the country and led to a decade‐long epidemic that resulted in extensive hospital stays . As shown in Figure B, we observe a similar trend, albeit less pronounced.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 58%

Sensitivity of Antibacterial Activity to Backbone Sequence in Constitutionally Isomeric OligoTEAs

Hoff

Artim

Brown

et al. 2018

Macromolecular Bioscience

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Antimicrobial peptides are promising alternatives to traditional antibiotics but their translational potential is limited due to rapid degradation by serum proteases. Recently, a number of peptidomimetics with backbones resistant to proteolysis have been synthesized and their antimicrobial potential evaluated as a function of their hydrophobic to cationic ratio. However, these mimetics also have a fixed backbone thus making it difficult to isolate the effect of backbone hydrophobic composition and sequence. In this work, advantage is taken of the oligothioetheramide (oligoTEA) synthetic strategy that allows for precise control over backbone and pendant group placement to systematically study the effect of backbone hydrophobic sequence while keeping pendant group constant. Biophysical data acquired with a set of constitutional oligoTEA isomers show that backbone hydrophobic sequence, that is, local hydrophobicity, affects the mode of oligoTEA interaction with lipid bilayers. This differential interaction among the constitutionally isomeric oligoTEAs is manifested in their antibacterial activities and points to the possibility of using backbone hydrophobic sequence to tune antibacterial potency and selectivity.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 58%

Sensitivity of Antibacterial Activity to Backbone Sequence in Constitutionally Isomeric OligoTEAs

Hoff

Artim

Brown

et al. 2018

Macromolecular Bioscience

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“…Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates have emerged as a leading cause of infectious diseases [ 1 – 6 ]. Once confined primarily to hospitals and patients with defined risk factors, infections caused by community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) isolates have become epidemic in the United States and now frequently occur among previously healthy individuals without these risk factors [ 7 , 8 ]. Although the majority of CA-MRSA infections are mild, some CA-MRSA infectious syndromes such as complicated skin and soft tissue infections, necrotizing pneumonia, bacteremia, and sepsis can be life-threatening [ 7 – 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic and transcriptomic differences in community acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300 and USA400 strains

et al. 2014

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BackgroundStaphylococcus aureus is a human pathogen responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality through its ability to cause a number of human infections including bacteremia, pneumonia and soft tissue infections. Of great concern is the emergence and dissemination of methicillin–resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains (MRSA) that are resistant to nearly all β-lactams. The emergence of the USA300 MRSA genetic background among community associated S. aureus infections (CA-MRSA) in the USA was followed by the disappearance of USA400 CA-MRSA isolates.ResultsTo gain a greater understanding of the potential fitness advantages and virulence capacity of S. aureus USA300 clones, we performed whole genome sequencing of 15 USA300 and 4 USA400 clinical isolates. A comparison of representative genomes of the USA300 and USA400 pulsotypes indicates a number of differences in mobile genome elements. We examined the in vitro gene expression profiles by microarray hybridization and the in vivo transcriptomes during lung infection in mice of a USA300 and a USA400 MRSA strain by performing complete genome qRT-PCR analysis. The unique presence and increased expression of 6 exotoxins in USA300 (12- to 600-fold) compared to USA400 may contribute to the increased virulence of USA300 clones. Importantly, we also observed the up-regulation of prophage genes in USA300 (compared with USA400) during mouse lung infection (including genes encoded by both prophages ΦSa2usa and ΦSa3usa), suggesting that these prophages may play an important role in vivo by contributing to the elevated virulence characteristic of the USA300 clone.ConclusionsWe observed differences in the genetic content of USA300 and USA400 strains, as well as significant differences of in vitro and in vivo gene expression of mobile elements in a lung pneumonia model. This is the first study to document the global transcription differences between USA300 and USA400 strains during both in vitro and in vivo growth.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-1145) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Inducible clindamycin resistance testing (D‐test) is thus warranted, and our institution performs the D‐test on all erythromycin‐resistant S. aureus strains. The most recent Infectious Disease Society of America treatment guidelines for MRSA infections in children state that reasonable antimicrobial options for uncomplicated SSTI include trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, clindamycin, doxycycline, or minocycline for children over 8 years of age . Proper antibiotic choice should also include local epidemiological trends in S. aureus , as well as close temporal monitoring of culture results to select the most effective and specific antibiotic as soon as possible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of nasal swab and age in detecting methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus in pediatric head and neck abscesses

et al. 2017

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Update on Epidemiology and Treatment of MRSA Infections in Children

Cited by 21 publications

References 92 publications

Sensitivity of Antibacterial Activity to Backbone Sequence in Constitutionally Isomeric OligoTEAs

Sensitivity of Antibacterial Activity to Backbone Sequence in Constitutionally Isomeric OligoTEAs

Genomic and transcriptomic differences in community acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300 and USA400 strains

Utility of nasal swab and age in detecting methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus in pediatric head and neck abscesses

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