Update on cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care guidelines

Abstract

Several evidence-based changes were included in the 2005 CPR and ECC guidelines, including a C:V ratio of 30:2 and mitigation of hands-off time, early defibrillation, administration of a single shock versus a three-shock sequence, use of public-access defibrillators, and a shift from primary-rhythm-based therapies to a focus on neurologic outcomes.

Time to resuscitate cardiopulmonary resuscitation! The 3R/CPR: Refill-Recoil-Rebound.

“…Despite scientific progress and supports of Global Health Systems, the outcome of SCA victims still remains quite poor due to the inadequate perfusion of vital organs during CPR [25,26]. As a result, more than half of postresuscitation syndrome deaths occur within 24 h after the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), due to multiple organs failure and about 2% of the victims may survive without brain damage the first year postarrest [27][28][29].…”

The effectiveness of teaching chest compression first in a standardized public cardiopulmonary resuscitation training program

“…The success rate of administering an electric shock as part of CPR within 1 minute of a sudden cardiac arrest caused by an arrhythmia is over 90%, but the success rate falls by 7% to 10% per minute after. [3] Previous studies had revealed that effective bystander CPR can significant improve pre-hospital mortality rate. [4–7]…”

Outcome and Prognostic Factors of Patients in Out‐Of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrests Presenting with Non‐Shockable Rhythm in Hong Kong

“…In 2002, rate of survival to hospital discharge (STD) ranged from 4% to 9% worldwide. 1 However, for those presented with non-shockable rhythm, only 1% to 4% survived.…”