Update of Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Management of Patellofemoral Pain

Sisk, Daniel; Fredericson, Michael

doi:10.1007/s12178-019-09593-z

Cited by 31 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Anterior knee pain (AKP) describes a group of persistent ( 1 ) and occasionally disabling conditions afflicting the anterior aspect of either one or both knees ( 2 ). AKP is often used interchangeably with the patellofemoral joint pain (PFJP) ( 3 ), but also encompasses broader conditions including patellar tendinopathy, Osgood Schlatter's disease, and pain of the anterior tibiofemoral joint.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Sectional Risk Factors of Anterior Knee Pain in Adolescents

et al. 2021

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Background: Anterior knee pain is a common complaint amongst adolescents, which can both be persistent, and in some cases, disabling. This study investigated a series of potential risk factors potentially linked to the onset of anterior knee pain.Methods: Questionnaires were distributed amongst 367 10–15 years-olds enrolled in the local school board. These surveys included questions on sex, age, sport participation, and history of anterior knee pain verified by a physician. Bivariate correlations and a binomial logistic regression were conducted. Overall rate of AKP in the population studied was 7.4%. The results indicated that past history of knee pain, age, and increased sports participation significantly correlated with increased risk of AKP. AKP was significantly more common in females than males. While sex, height, age, overall sport participation, participation in specific sports, and history of knee injury all contributed to the binomial model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Sectional Risk Factors of Anterior Knee Pain in Adolescents

et al. 2021

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“…According to a recent review highlighting recent updates in risk factors and treatment of patellofemoral pain, risk factors are varied and include biomechanical stress, hip weakness, quadriceps weakness, VMO delayed activation, foot overpronation, flexibility (patellar hypermobility or maltracking), or inflexibility. Each of these risk factors has a proposed targeted treatment [ 11 ]. These findings are summarized in Table 1 .…”

Section: Explanation Of Possible Causesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-operative Management of Anterior Knee Pain: Patient Education

Bosshardt

Ray

Sherman

2021

Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med

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Purpose of Review Anterior knee pain is a multifactorial, often chronic condition, which can lead to long-term pain and disability. The purpose of this review is to examine the latest research on patient education for anterior knee pain. We will focus on how we might use patient education to increase the adoption of other efficacious treatment modalities and offer some suggestions for content and form of effective patient education.Recent Findings New research suggests that patient education, alone, or in combination with targeted exercise therapy, can be effective in reducing pain and improving function in patients with patellofemoral pain. Addressing non-physical or psychological factors may also be an important component of patient education in many patients with chronic pain. Incorporation of new technologies into patient education, such as those available online, or through phone-or tablet-based apps, is likely to be helpful in the future, as we move more towards connecting with patients virtually. Summary Patient education has been shown to be effective in decreasing pain and improving activity in patients with patellofemoral pain. Patient education should be individualized to the patient, focus on the latest effective treatments, and emphasize those treatments that can be self-managed by the patient. Emphasis should also be placed on patient understanding of risk factors and patterns of movement that may lead to, or exacerbate, anterior knee pain. Future research should continue to further characterize the elements of patient education that offer the most efficient treatment benefit.

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“…The participants were separated into 2 groups of 15 participants, based upon their measured CAR. Participants exhibiting a CAR <0.95 were assigned to the quadriceps deficit (QD) group (5 females and 10 males; age = 23 [3] y, mass = 70 [10] kg, height = 174 [8] cm, CAR = 0.91 [0.03]), while participants exhibiting a CAR ≥0.95 were assigned to the quadriceps functional (QF) group (9 females and 6 males; age = 22 [2] y, mass = 75 [17] kg, height = 176 [10] cm, CAR = 0.97 [0.01]). 23,24 Although this threshold CAR value (0.95) is somewhat arbitrary, the value has been considered to represent full muscle activation 23,25 and used in previous similar research.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 PFP patients exhibit increased quadriceps activation during common movements, [7][8][9] and altered activation timing and amplitude between the vastus lateralis and medialis have long been hypothesized to contribute to PFP. 10 Because the quadriceps muscles act directly on the pelvis, femur, and tibia, it is not surprising that PFP is known to alter trunk, hip, knee, and ankle joint biomechanics, and ground reaction force (GRF). Increased lateral trunk lean has been observed for PFP patients during a downward stepping task, 11 and trunk motion influences lowerextremity biomechanics for PFP patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanics Differ for Individuals With Similar Self-Reported Characteristics of Patellofemoral Pain During a High-Demand Multiplanar Movement Task

Seeley¹,

Son²,

Kim³

et al. 2021

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation

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Context: Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is often categorized by researchers and clinicians using subjective self-reported PFP characteristics; however, this practice might mask important differences in movement biomechanics between PFP patients. Objective: To determine whether biomechanical differences exist during a high-demand multiplanar movement task for PFP patients with similar self-reported PFP characteristics but different quadriceps activation levels. Design: Cross-sectional design. Setting: Biomechanics laboratory. Participants: A total of 15 quadriceps deficient and 15 quadriceps functional (QF) PFP patients with similar self-reported PFP characteristics. Intervention: In total, 5 trials of a high-demand multiplanar land, cut, and jump movement task were performed. Main Outcome Measures: Biomechanics were compared at each percentile of the ground contact phase of the movement task (α = .05) between the quadriceps deficient and QF groups. Biomechanical variables included (1) whole-body center of mass, trunk, hip, knee, and ankle kinematics; (2) hip, knee, and ankle kinetics; and (3) ground reaction forces. Results: The QF patients exhibited increased ground reaction force, joint torque, and movement, relative to the quadriceps deficient patients. The QF patients exhibited: (1) up to 90, 60, and 35 N more vertical, posterior, and medial ground reaction force at various times of the ground contact phase; (2) up to 4° more knee flexion during ground contact and up to 4° more plantarflexion and hip extension during the latter parts of ground contact; and (3) up to 26, 21, and 48 N·m more plantarflexion, knee extension, and hip extension torque, respectively, at various times of ground contact. Conclusions: PFP patients with similar self-reported PFP characteristics exhibit different movement biomechanics, and these differences depend upon quadriceps activation levels. These differences are important because movement biomechanics affect injury risk and athletic performance. In addition, these biomechanical differences indicate that different therapeutic interventions may be needed for PFP patients with similar self-reported PFP characteristics.

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Update of Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Management of Patellofemoral Pain

Cited by 31 publications

References 81 publications

Cross-Sectional Risk Factors of Anterior Knee Pain in Adolescents

Cross-Sectional Risk Factors of Anterior Knee Pain in Adolescents

Non-operative Management of Anterior Knee Pain: Patient Education

Biomechanics Differ for Individuals With Similar Self-Reported Characteristics of Patellofemoral Pain During a High-Demand Multiplanar Movement Task

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