Update in primary pulmonary lymphomas

Cárdenas-García, José; Talwar, Arunabh; Shah, Rakesh; Fein, Alan M.

doi:10.1097/mcp.0000000000000180

Cited by 37 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It occurs in less than one percent of primary pulmonary malignancy and can be classified into two categories: primary pulmonary lymphoma (PPL) and secondary pulmonary lymphoma with extrathoracic involvement (SPL). However, PPL and SPL cannot be distinguished from one another histopathologically, and their symptoms, radiologic features, and laboratory findings can be nonspecific and misleading [1,2]. Here, we present each case of pulmonary lymphoma misdiagnosed as different types of pneumonia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

Pulmonary Lymphoma Misdiagnosed as Pneumonia

Lee

Park

Kim

et al. 2016

Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 90%

Pulmonary Lymphoma Misdiagnosed as Pneumonia

Lee

Park

Kim

et al. 2016

Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As rare as this entity is, primary pulmonary lymphoma (PPL) is even rarer, representing < 1% of all NHL. [24] In 1963, Saltzstein proposed the following working definition of a “primary lymphocytic tumor of the lung” that remains clinically relevant today: “lymphoma… that originally involves only the lung, or the lung and its regional lymph nodes, and in which there is no evidence of dissemination of the tumor for at least 3 months after the diagnosis is established.”[25]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectopic Anterior Mediastinal Pathology in the Chest: Radiologic-pathologic Correlation of Unexpected Encounters with the “Terrible Ts”

Rashidfarokhi

Gupta

Leytin

et al. 2016

Journal of Clinical Imaging Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The complex embryology of the anterior mediastinum makes it home to an array of primary neoplasms tied to the presence of the thyroid and thymus glands in that compartment. While the occurrence of ectopic thyroid deposits in the extramediastinal thorax has not been convincingly established, the other three “Ts” of the classic “4T” mnemonic for the differential diagnosis of an anterior mediastinal mass have occurred in the lung parenchyma, pleural space, and endobronchially as primary tumors. Finding any of the three lesions – thymoma, teratoma, or B-cell lymphoma – in the chest outside the mediastinum is very unusual, but that possibility exists. Herein, we illustrate examples of this rare phenomenon.

show abstract

“…Standard treatment protocols for PPL remain under investigation and are typically based on expert opinion rather than evidence-based, while therapy for SPL varies from its primary lesions (2). Surgery has been suggested as the preferred treatment in cases of localized PPL, when complete resection may be achieved.…”

Section: Significance Of Imaging and Clinical Features In The Differementioning

confidence: 99%

“…An initial radiological diagnosis of SPL may suggest the use of further investigations, such as PET-CT or whole-body CT for overall evaluation and grading, which is recommended in the NCCN guidelines (12). Additionally, early detection of PPL may prevent unnecessary investigations, such as PET-CT in early-stage MALT lymphoma, considering that it is an indolent type with decreased incidence of distant metastasis compared with the disseminated pulmonary lymphoma (2,5).…”

Section: Predicted Diagnosis Based On Radiographic Features Actual DImentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Primary pulmonary lymphomas (PPLs) are defined as malignant lymphomas originating from pulmonary parenchyma or bronchi with or without hilar lymph node involvement, in the absence of tumor dissemination for ≥3 months after the diagnosis (2,3). Prevalence ranges between 0.5 and 1% of PPL malignancies and accounts for <1% of malignant lymphomas (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Significance of imaging and clinical features in the differentiation between primary and secondary pulmonary lymphoma

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The aim of the present study was to analyze the differences in imaging and clinical features between primary pulmonary lymphoma (PPL) and secondary pulmonary lymphoma (SPL) to provide insight into pulmonary lymphoma for an improved clinical diagnosis. A retrospective study of 38 patients with pulmonary lymphoma (19 PPL and 19 SPL) treated between September 1, 2006, and December 31, 2015, was performed. The clinical manifestations, and computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography-CT images of each case were collected. χ 2 and Fisher's exact tests were applied to assess statistically significant differences between PPL and SPL in terms of clinical and imaging features. The significant variables were further applied to canonical discriminate analysis. The CT results revealed that the occurrence of a >3-cm mass (P=0.007), peripheral location (lower than the segmental bronchi) (P=0.027), cavitation (P=0.008) and consolidation (P=0.027) were associated with PPL, while peripheral and hilar location (P=0.003) or mediastinal and hilar lymph node engagement (P=0.044) were predominantly observed in SPL. However, no significant differences between clinical manifestations and the maximum standard uptake value of pulmonary lesions in PPL and SPL were identified (all P>0.05). A function derived from discriminate analysis was generated that may predict the affiliation to PPL or SPL radiographically, with an overall accuracy of ≤92.1%. The results of the present study revealed that PPL and SPL exhibit distinctive features on CT images due to distinct molecular mechanisms and growth patterns. Careful observation of CT features may be useful in the diagnosis of PPL and SPL regarding the tumor morphology, location and lymph node involvement. IntroductionPulmonary lymphomas may occur as a primary pulmonary malignancy or a secondary manifestation derived from systemic lymphoma (1). Primary pulmonary lymphomas (PPLs) are defined as malignant lymphomas originating from pulmonary parenchyma or bronchi with or without hilar lymph node involvement, in the absence of tumor dissemination for ≥3 months after the diagnosis (2,3). Prevalence ranges between 0.5 and 1% of PPL malignancies and accounts for <1% of malignant lymphomas (4). The rarity of PPL may be attributed to pulmonary tissue containing less lymphoid tissue compared with other sites. The most common type of PPL is mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma (70-90%), with the remainder comprising a miscellaneous group that includes non-Hodgkin low-grade extra-nodal B-cell lymphoma (NHL-B), high-grade diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) (5-20%), primary pulmonary Hodgkin's lymphoma and certain other extremely rare diseases (5-7). Secondary pulmonary lymphoma (SPL), which is more common than PPL, refers to a secondary involvement of the lung from a known extra-pulmonary lymphoma or dominant pulmonary lesion, with indolent primary extra-pulmonary lesions observed within 3 months (8).These two origins of pulmonary lymphoma distinguish themselves patho...

show abstract

Update in primary pulmonary lymphomas

Abstract: This review outlines the implications of recent findings for clinical practice and research progress of PPL. Larger, multicentre and well designed studies are imperative to optimize the current diagnostic and therapeutic approach for this disease.

Cited by 37 publications

References 21 publications

Pulmonary Lymphoma Misdiagnosed as Pneumonia

Pulmonary Lymphoma Misdiagnosed as Pneumonia

Ectopic Anterior Mediastinal Pathology in the Chest: Radiologic-pathologic Correlation of Unexpected Encounters with the “Terrible Ts”

Significance of imaging and clinical features in the differentiation between primary and secondary pulmonary lymphoma

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About