Upcycling food leftovers and grass resources through livestock: Impact of livestock system and productivity

Hal, Ollie van; Boer, I.J.M. de; Müller, Adrian; Vries, S. de; Erb, Karl‐Heinz; Schader, Christian; Gerrits, W.J.J.; Zanten, H.H.E. van

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.329

Cited by 90 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…When insects are used as feed, two conversion cycles are needed: from organic products to insects and then from insects (as feed) to production animals. With the interest in the circular economy worldwide, the upcycling of lowopportunity-cost feed (food waste, food processing byproducts, grass resources) is being investigated in order to make them more fit as feed directly for production animals (Van Hal et al, 2019), among others by enzymatical digestion processes (Jinno et al, 2018). According to the author, this will make processing of organic waste streams more expensive and therefore economically more challenging to valorise use of insects.…”

Section: Industrial Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insects as food and feed, a new emerging agricultural sector: a review

Huis

2020

JIFF

301

148

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During the last five years the scientific knowledge on insects as food and feed has been growing exponentially. At the same time, the industrial sector is increasingly engaged in rearing, processing and marketing of edible insects. Considerable attention is given to the black soldier fly as it can convert organic waste streams and transform it into several feed, food and industrial products. The farming of insects has an environmental impact which is lower than that of livestock species. The profitability of industrial production of insects as feed depends very much on the availability and applicability of cheap non-utilised side-streams. Microbial communities and their relationship with insects deserve full attention as it may help in the conversion of organic side streams of low economic value. Nutrition and health benefits for animals and humans need further exploration, also considering that insects have the largest anti-microbial peptide reservoir of all animals. Plant health can also be promoted by using chitin-containing leftover substrates as fertiliser. As insects have only recently been considered as food or feed, legislation trails developments. Therefore, politicians need to be assured that rearing and processing techniques are such that insect products are guaranteed free of chemical and microbial contaminants. Consumers are becoming more and more aware that insects as food are a viable option. Insects need to be processed into ingredients, that can be applied for safe and appetising products. The insect sector is maturing fast, but still faces many challenges, which can only be met when all stakeholders closely cooperate.

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Section: Industrial Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insects as food and feed, a new emerging agricultural sector: a review

Huis

2020

JIFF

301

148

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“…Recently, it has been argued that claims about the health issues (i.e., negative cardiometabolic outcomes and cancer mortality and incidences) of red meat are not only improbable in light of human evolutionary history, but are far from being supported by robust scientific evidence [42,43]. Similarly, claims about the devastating impact of red meat production on the environment ignore the essential role that grazing animals play in sustainable agriculture (e.g., biorecycling, soil fertilisation and biodiversity preservation) [42,64,65]. Therefore, recommendations must always be considered in a specific context, while in some western countries the reduction of meat consumption is recommendable, in many developing countries a higher consumption of products of animal origin is needed for a sustainable diet.…”

Section: Parameter Nguni Ac Malawi Zebu B Bonsmara C Aberdeen Angus Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Livelihood, Food and Nutrition Security in Southern Africa: What Role Do Indigenous Cattle Genetic Resources Play?

et al. 2020

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Of the 345 million people in the Southern African Development Community (SADC), 30.6% are severely food insecure, 8% malnourished and 50% live with less than US $1 per day, respectively. Livelihood, food and nutrition security have, therefore, become key priorities for the SADC region in response to these complex challenges. Given that 70% of the SADC population directly rely on agriculture for food, nutrition and income, sustained agricultural productivity may play an important role in achieving livelihood, food and nutrition security in the region. Being an important part of the agri-food system of marginalised communities in the region, cattle have great potential to contribute to the goal of reducing food and nutrition insecurity. The region has a population size of about 64 million cattle of which 75% of the population is kept under the smallholder farming systems, and primarily composed of indigenous tropical breeds. Most indigenous cattle breeds are, however, either undergoing rapid genetic dilution or at risk of extinction. At the same time, their environments, production and marketing systems are experiencing high rates of change in time and space. More importantly, indigenous cattle breeds in the region are undervalued. This makes it uncertain that future systems will have the adapted cattle breeds required for optimal livelihoods, food and nutrition security. To this end, the promotion of sustainable use of indigenous cattle for livelihood, food and nutrition security in the SADC region is strongly recommended.

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“…The conversion efficiency of feed into human edible products is relatively low, and the production of meat, eggs and dairy results in large losses of N in the food system. To minimize these losses the number of monogastric animals in a circular system needs to be balanced with waste streams and ruminants with areas unsuited for crops, with a range of production intensities [131] .…”

Section: Icls and Circularitymentioning

confidence: 99%