Upconverting/magnetic: Gd₂O₃:(Er³⁺,Yb³⁺,Zn²⁺) nanoparticles for biological applications: effect of Zn²⁺ doping

Abstract

Upconverting/paramagnetic Gd2O3:1% Er3+, 18% Yb3+ with Zn2+ nanoparticles (NPs) permits one to perform optical imaging.

Upconversion fluorescence imaging of HeLa cells using ROS generating SiO2-coated lanthanide-doped NaYF4 nanoconstructs

“…This difference is due to the modication of the NPs surface which offsets the surface effects and contribute to the energy of phonons relaxation, which takes part in the upconversion, as we reported previously. 54 The silicon oxide shell enhances the non-radiative decay which causes higher quantity of the radiative emission from 4 F 9/2 level than 4 S 3/2 level (see Fig. 6).…”

Concentration and pump power-mediated color tunability, optical heating and temperature sensing via TCLs of red emission in an Er3+/Yb3+/Li+ co-doped ZnGa2O4 phosphor

“…As was mentioned earlier, the addition of some surface modiers greatly affects the intensity of different phosphor materials, e.g., Li + , Mn 2+ , Mg 2+ , Zn 2+ , Ce 3+ , and Bi 3+ . [37][38][39][40][41] It has been observed earlier that they enhance the intensity of the materials by modifying the local crystal eld around the activator ions. 6,69 The modication in the local crystal eld is achieved when larger ionic radii ion is incorporated at the sites of smaller ionic radii ion.…”

“…Nowadays, researchers are encouraged to produce efficient sources of Er 3+ /Yb 3+ co-doped phosphor materials by incorporating some additional ions, such as Li + , Mn 2+ , Mg 2+ , Zn 2+ , Ce 3+ , and Bi 3+ . [37][38][39][40][41] They are known as surface modiers and are helpful in improving the UC emission intensity by modifying the local crystal structure. Out of these ions, the Li + ion has been widely incorporated in different combinations of Er 3+ /Yb 3+ codoped phosphor materials.…”

Microwave-Assisted Preparation of Luminescent Inorganic Materials: A Fast Route to Light Conversion and Storage Phosphors

“…The microwave-assisted combustion makes the synthesis even faster, in the order of tenths of seconds (Figure 8). [85,90] with permission from The Royal Society of Chemistry.…”