Upconversion single-photon detectors based on integrated periodically poled lithium niobate waveguides [Invited]

Ma, Fei; Liang, Longyue; Chen, Jiu-Peng; Gao, Yang; Zheng, Ming-Yang; Xie, Xiaozhu; Liu, Hong; Zhang, Qiang; Pan, Jian-Wei

doi:10.1364/josab.35.002096

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…With this setup, our up-conversion receiver can work only for short-distance QKD, below 6 dB channel loss, as shown in Figure 5f). Nonetheless, state-of-the art systems for up-conversion detectors of single-photon signals in the C band, have demonstrated a very high overall efficiency above 30%, with a dark count rate as low as 100 Hz, thus enabling quantum communication up to 45 dB of channel loss [39][40][41]. Furthermore, it is important to notice that although we have used a bulky and custom home-made system (which requires the pre-alignment of the free-space silicon detector), the nonlinear crystal could be integrated in photonic platforms for a more efficient and stable solution [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards fully-fledged quantum and classical communication over deployed fiber with up-conversion module

Bacco,

Vagniluca,

Cozzolino

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Quantum key distribution (QKD), the distribution of quantum secured keys useful for data encryption, is expected to have a crucial impact in the next decades. However, although the notable achievements accomplished in the last twenty years, many practical and serious challenges are limiting the full deployment of this novel quantum technology in the current telecommunication infrastructures. In particular, the copropagation of quantum signals and high-speed data traffic within the same optical fiber, is not completely resolved, due to the intrinsic noise caused by the highintensity of the classical signals. As a consequence, current co-propagation schemes limit the amount of classical optical power in order to reduce the overall link noise. However, this ad-hoc solution restrains the overall range of possibilities for a large scale QKD deployment. Here, we propose and demonstrate a new method, based on up-conversion assisted receiver, for co-propagating classical light and QKD signals. In addition, we compare the performances of this scheme with an off-the-shelf quantum receiver, equipped with a standard InGaAs detector, over different lengths of an installed fiber link. Our proposal exhibits higher tolerance for noise in comparison to the standard receiver, thus enabling the distribution of secret keys in the condition of 4 dB-higher classical power.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards fully-fledged quantum and classical communication over deployed fiber with up-conversion module

Bacco,

Vagniluca,

Cozzolino

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…The upconverted signal is detected by visible-near infrared detectors. In the past decade year, there are many researches about frequency upconversion [4], [10]- [13]. Taking advantage of high peak power of pulse laser, the upconversion efficiency of 64% has been achieved with the average pump power of 28.7mW at 17.9M Hz within the pulse duration of 5.3ps [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dispersion Reduction Frequency Upconversion System at 1550 nm With Tightly Focused Beam

Jiang

Dai

et al. 2022

IEEE Access

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The upconversion detection is a promising method to detect infrared radiation. It is proved that the focused beam makes a contribution to improving the upconversion efficiency. A nearinfrared detector at room-temperature based on sum frequency generation(SFG) with focused beams is demonstrated. To enhance the upconversion efficiency, the signal and pump beams are tightly focused by the same focal lens. To reduce that the dispersion of the focal lens has a negative effect on upconversion efficiency in a tightly focusing system, the relation between the upconversion efficiency and the focused beams in our system is investigated. In the setup, the signal and pump beams are combined by a polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer (PMWDM) that is connected on a collimator. The mixed beam is focused into a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) bulk by a lens of 35mm focal length. The signal pulse at 1550nm is converted to 863nm with a 172mW continuous-wave pump beam at 1950nm. The converted signal is measured by a photomultiplier tube(PMT) and results shows the maximum upconversion efficiency is 5.23 × 10 −4 while the pump power is 172mW .

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“…A total detection efficiency of ∼ 3.7% was achieved with a quite low noise probability per pulse of 0.0002. In 2018, Ma et al [19] used 1550 nm and 1950 nm two wavelengths pump each other to yield 864 nm by using PPLN waveguide with a conversion efficiencies of ∼ 28% and ∼ 27% respectively. In 2018, Wright et al [20] reported two-way photonic interface for linking 422 nm to the telecom C-band, and achieved up-conversion (down-conversion) at singlephoton level with conversion efficiency of ∼ 9.4% (∼ 1.1%), and SNR of ∼ 39.4 (∼ 108).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-way single-photon-level frequency conversion between 852nm and 1560nm for connecting cesium D2 line with the telecom C-band

Zhang,

He,

Wang

2020

Preprint

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A compact setup for two-way single-photon-level photonic conversion between 852 nm and 1560 nm has been implemented with the same periodically-poled magnesium-oxide-doped lithium niobate (PPMgO:LN) bulk crystals for connecting cesium atomic D2 transition (852 nm) to telecom C-band. By single-pass mixing a strong continuous-wave pump laser at 1878 nm and the single-photon-level periodical signal pulses with a mean photon number of ∼ 1 per pulse in a 50-mm-long PPMgO:LN bulk crystal, the conversion efficiency of ∼ 1.7 % (∼ 2.0 %) for 852-nm to 1560-nm down-conversion (1560-nm to 852-nm up-conversion) have been achieved. We analyzed noise photons induced by the strong pump laser beam, including the spontaneous Raman scattering (SRS) and the spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) photons, and the photons generated in the cascaded nonlinear processes. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) has been improved remarkably by using the narrow-band filters and changing polarization of the noise photons in DFG process. With further improvement of the conversion efficiency by employing PPMgO:LN waveguide, instead of bulk crystal, our study may provide the basics for cyclic photon conversion in quantum network.

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Upconversion single-photon detectors based on integrated periodically poled lithium niobate waveguides [Invited]

Cited by 19 publications

References 37 publications

Towards fully-fledged quantum and classical communication over deployed fiber with up-conversion module

Towards fully-fledged quantum and classical communication over deployed fiber with up-conversion module

The Dispersion Reduction Frequency Upconversion System at 1550 nm With Tightly Focused Beam

Two-way single-photon-level frequency conversion between 852nm and 1560nm for connecting cesium D2 line with the telecom C-band

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