UPAYA MEMPERCEPAT PERKECAMBAHAN BENIH KOPI ARABIKA (Coffea arabica L.) DAN KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffea canephora var. robusta) DENGAN PENGGUNAAN AIR KELAPA

Abstract

Lampung Provinceis one of robusta coffee production center and a small part of arabica coffee production. Coffee plant propagation can be done vegetatively and generatively, to make garden of seeds entres, it is required seeds thatcan be used as rootstock or as a plant propagation. Coffee seeds have long germ time, caused by physical dormancy.Coconut water is one of the natural ingredients, containing hormones like cytokines, auxins and gibberellins that can stimulate germination and plant growth. The purpose of this research is to know the difference of germination time and to get the right coconut water concentration to accelerate the seed germination of Arabica coffee and Robusta coffee, and also to know the interaction between coffee type and coconut water concentration.The research was conducted in August-November 2016, in PlantLaboratory 1 and Green House of Lampung State Polytechnic. Experiments using Completely Randomized Designwith two factors and three replications.The first factor is coffee varieties (K) with two varieties, Arabica Coffee / Sigarar utang (K1) and Robusta Coffee / BP 42 x BP 358 (K2). The second factor is the concentration of coconut water with five concentration, 0% (A0), 25% (A1), 50% (A2), 75% (A3), 100% (A4).Each experiment uses 20 seeds, total seed required for all experiment is 600 seed coffee. The variables observed when sprouts appear, percentage germinated, when cotyledon rupture, simultaneity grow (K ST ) and growth speed (K CT ). The result of variance analysis showed that the treatment of coffee varieties only had a significant effect on the observation variables when sprouts appear, cotyledon rupture, and the simultaneity grow, whereas the coconut water concentration treatment had no significant effect on the whole observation variable. Test results of LSD α 5% Arabica coffee varieties more quickly sprouts appear, cotyledon rupture and the simultaneity grow than Robusta coffee.

Vertical farming application with several growing media for coffee nurseries

“…Robusta coffee grows in the lowlands with an altitude of 400-700 m above sea level with an average daily temperature of 25-26°C. In general, coffee plants can grow in areas with loose and fertile soil conditions with a pH of around 4.5-6.0 [7]. The results of the measurement of the average pH of the nutrients given to vertical planting have a pH of 5.8 so that it is in accordance with the requirements for growing coffee plants.…”

Pertumbuhan Bibit Kopi Berdasarkan Tingkat Kematangan Buah Dan Aplikasi Cendawan Endofit

“…Hal ini disebabkan biji kopi memiliki kulit biji yang keras sehingga impermebel terhadap air dan memiliki masa dormansi yang cukup lama. Perkecambahan kopi di dataran rendah yang bersuhu 30 0 C-35 0 C memerlukan waktu 3-4 minggu, sedangkan didataran tinggi yang bersuhu relative dingin memerlukan waktu yang lebih lama yaitu 6-8 minggu (Andini & Sesanti, 2018).…”

“…Hal ini dikarenakan buah yang dipanen pada saat masak fisiologis mempunyai cadangan makanan yang maksimal untuk perkecambahan benih. Masa dormansi yang dimiliki biji kopi mengakibatkan lamanya proses perkecambahan sehingga menghambat pengadaan benih kopi berkualitas (Andini et al, 2018). Untuk memaksimalkan perkecambahan benih kopi perlu adanya perlakuan sebelum penanaman.…”