Up to date on cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) in bile acid synthesis

Chiang, John Y.L.; Ferrell, Jessica M.

doi:10.1016/j.livres.2020.05.001

Cited by 121 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 262 publications

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“…With a daily cycling frequency of 5 to 10 times, this means that each day 25 to 50% of the total BA pool is lost which is replaced by hepatic synthesis from cholesterol. The rate of BA synthesis is controlled by the enzyme cholesterol 7a-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) which is highly regulated at both the transcriptional level and post-transcriptional level (10). Subsequently, BAs are secreted into bile, mainly via the bile salt export pump (BSEP, ABCB11), and stored in the gallbladder.…”

Section: The Enterohepatic Circulation Of Bile Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic consequences of ileal interruption of the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids

Peppel

Verkade

Jonker

2020

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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The enterohepatic circulation of bile acids comprises a tightly regulated process of hepatic bile acid secretion, intestinal reabsorption and transport back to the liver. Disruption of this process has significant consequences for both gastrointestinal, liver and whole-body homeostasis and therefore offers opportunities for therapeutic intervention. In this review we discuss the effects of (pharmacological) interruption of the enterohepatic circulation at different levels. Recently, several studies have been published on ileal interruption of the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids, targeting the apical-sodium dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT, SLC10A2), as therapy for various diseases. However, ambiguous results have been reported and in-depth mechanistic insights are lacking. Here we discuss these novel studies and review the current knowledge and literature on the consequences of ASBT inhibition and its potential effects on physiology and metabolism.

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Section: The Enterohepatic Circulation Of Bile Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic consequences of ileal interruption of the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids

Peppel

Verkade

Jonker

2020

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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“…The bile acids (BAs) are endocrine and metabolic signaling molecules that affect host physiology via activation of BA receptors, such as Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) [48]. BA synthesis is the major pathway for catabolism of cholesterol, which occurs in the liver and requires 17 enzymatic steps in different subcellular organelles [49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of taurine intervention on oleic acid-induced primary hepatocyte steatosis in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides)

Xiao

Feng

Niu

et al. 2021

ARCH BIOL SCI BELGRA

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Examination of the molecular mechanism of taurine regulation of lipid metabolism in fish is limited. In this study, an oleic acid (OA)-induced hepatocyte steatosis model of orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) was established for the first time. The model was used to test the effect of taurine on steatosis hepatocytes in Control, High-fat (0.4 mM OA) and Taurine (0.4 mM OA + 2 mM taurine) experimental groups of fish. Hepatocyte samples were subjected to transcriptome analysis. A total of 99634 unigenes was assembled, 69982 unigenes were annotated and 1831 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Control vs High-fat group, and 526 DEGs in the High-fat vs Taurine group were identified, of which 824 DEGs (Control vs High-fat) and 237 DEGs (High-fat vs Taurine) were observed to be upregulated, and 1007 DEGs (Control vs High-fat) and 289 DEGs (High-fat vs Taurine) were downregulated after taurine intervention. These genes are involved in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathways, fatty acid elongation, primary bile acid biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid and glycerolipid metabolism. The findings provide new clues in understanding the regulatory role of taurine in lipid and fatty acid metabolism of fish. It is hoped that the obtained results will help in the design of feed formulations to improve grouper growth from the perspective of aquaculture nutrition.

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“…The effect of FXR on inflammasome-related functions and cytokine secretion seems to be complex, and in some cases controversial, possibly due to differences in the studied conditions. The activation of macrophages and Kupffer cells by bile acids induces the secretion of inflammatory cytokines; such as IL-1β and TNF-α, which in turn, also inhibit CYP7A1 gene transcription through activation of PKC and JNK kinase signaling pathways (129). Any defect in the flow of bile acids was delineated as cholestasis, and can be associated with sepsis (138).…”

Section: Farnesoid X Receptor (Fxr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear Receptors as Multiple Regulators of NLRP3 Inflammasome Function

Alatshan

Benkő

2021

Front. Immunol.

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Nuclear receptors are important bridges between lipid signaling molecules and transcription responses. Beside their role in several developmental and physiological processes, many of these receptors have been shown to regulate and determine the fate of immune cells, and the outcome of immune responses under physiological and pathological conditions. While NLRP3 inflammasome is assumed as key regulator for innate and adaptive immune responses, and has been associated with various pathological events, the precise impact of the nuclear receptors on the function of inflammasome is hardly investigated. A wide variety of factors and conditions have been identified as modulators of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and at the same time, many of the nuclear receptors are known to regulate, and interact with these factors, including cellular metabolism and various signaling pathways. Nuclear receptors are in the focus of many researches, as these receptors are easy to manipulate by lipid soluble molecules. Importantly, nuclear receptors mediate regulatory mechanisms at multiple levels: not only at transcription level, but also in the cytosol via non-genomic effects. Their importance is also reflected by the numerous approved drugs that have been developed in the past decade to specifically target nuclear receptors subtypes. Researches aiming to delineate mechanisms that regulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation draw a wide range of attention due to their unquestionable importance in infectious and sterile inflammatory conditions. In this review, we provide an overview of current reports and knowledge about NLRP3 inflammasome regulation from the perspective of nuclear receptors, in order to bring new insight to the potentially therapeutic aspect in targeting NLRP3 inflammasome and NLRP3 inflammasome-associated diseases.

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Up to date on cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) in bile acid synthesis

Cited by 121 publications

References 262 publications

Metabolic consequences of ileal interruption of the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids

Metabolic consequences of ileal interruption of the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids

Effect of taurine intervention on oleic acid-induced primary hepatocyte steatosis in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides)

Nuclear Receptors as Multiple Regulators of NLRP3 Inflammasome Function

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