Up-to-date life cycle assessment and comparison study of clean coal power generation technologies in China

Liang, Xiaoye; Wang, Zhihua; Zhou, Zhijun; Huang, Zhenyu; Zhou, Junhu; Cen, Kefa

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.08.003

Cited by 138 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…An assessment and comparison of the four clean-coal-power-generation technologies in China, including the ultra super-critical power generation, is provided by Liang et al (Liang et al 2013). …”

Section: Emissions Intensity (Ei)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Projected pathways and environmental impact of China's electrified passenger vehicles

Zhao

Heywood

2017

Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As the world's largest market for car sales, China's rapidly rising number of light-duty vehicles (LDVs) on the road have resulted in serious problems such as increasing CO 2 emissions, energy insecurity, and air pollution. The question I examine here is how electrified vehicles (EVs) can help reduce China's energy demand and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the future, and EV includes hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), and battery electric vehicle (BEV). First, by building and using an Electricity Supply and Emissions Model (ESEM), I forecast the life-cycle GHG emissions intensity factors of the electric grid between now and 2050, proposing three scenarios that represent different levels of adoption of renewable generation by utilities. Then, by developing three EV penetration scenarios with other assumptions such as vehicles distance traveled and powertrain mix for a China FLEET model, I project the stock, energy demand, and life-cycle GHG emissions of the LDV fleet for each scenario until 2050. By comparing the results of these different scenarios, I demonstrate to what extent electrification can reduce the LDV fleet's energy demand and emissions impact.Results from this study show that there is a significant potential for electrification to reduce the automotive energy demand, oil dependence, and life-cycle GHG emissions of the LDV fleet, because EVs and especially BEVs are much more efficient than traditional gasoline vehicles. Compared to growing the renewable energy contribution to the electricity supply system, expanding EVs in the fleet can occur on a faster time scale, provided that they become more attractive relative to conventional gasoline vehicles; the greater potential for aggressive EV penetration to reach a significant percentage suggests that strong efforts of promoting EVs are likely needed to take advantage of their reduction opportunities. However, cleaning up the grid is important not only because it helps lower the emissions of aggressive EV expansion, but also because power generation accounts for the majority of China's total energy consumption and emissions. Results also show that, in order to help China reverse the rising trajectory of CO 2 emissions by 2030, the aggressive EV scenario and the more-renewables electricity scenario will likely be needed, which could enable the LDV fleet to peak its emissions as early as 2033.

show abstract

Section: Emissions Intensity (Ei)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…I therefore use IPCC's average life-cycle GHG EI for wind and solar (Schlömer et al 2014). The summary of the base-year GHG IE is shown in (Liang et al 2013). The 700ºC USC power plant is the most efficient possibility, as it could reach a net efficiency of 50% and more (National Energy Administration 2010).…”

Section: Emissions Intensity (Ei)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Projected pathways and environmental impact of China's electrified passenger vehicles

Zhao

Heywood

2017

Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The basic structure of LCA includes objective definition and scope de-termination, inventory analysis, impact assessment, and im-provement analysis. Recently, LCA has been widely used in the fields of energy utilization and environmental impact as-sessment of the product or service system (Finnveden et al 2009;Distsele and Awuah 2012;Liang et al 2013), and most of them are directly or indirectly related to the coal resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on each phase characteristics of the whole coal life cycle and their ecological risk assessment—a case of coal in China

Dai

Jiang

Yan

et al. 2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The paper divided the whole coal life cycle, ex-plained each phase characteristics, and took coal mine in China as a study case to assess the ecological risk in coal utilization phase. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the whole coal life cycle is divided into coal mining, process-ing, transportation, utilization, and waste disposal. (2) The key points of production organization and characteristics in the five phases have great differences. The coal mining phase is characterized by the damage of the key ecological factors (water, soil, atmosphere, vegetation, etc.) damaged while the coal processing phase by discharging waste. The characteris-tics in coal transportation phase mainly performance as escap-ing and migration of atmospheric pollutants. In coal utilization phase, the main characteristics are aggravation of greenhouse effect. The main characteristics of waste disposal phase are accumulation of negative ecological effects on the land. (3) The ecological risk of soil heavy metals is serious in coal utilization phase. The potential ecological hazard coefficients of Pb and As in coal, residue and ash are all lower than 40, presenting low environmental impact on soil; the potential ecological risk coefficients of Cd are higher than 60, nearly half of their potential ecological risk coefficients are higher than 160, which presents high environmental pollution impact on soil; Hg's potential ecological risk coefficients are higher than 320, presenting the highest environmental pollution im-pact on soil; the comprehensive pollution indexes in coal, residue, and ash are relatively high, which means the pollution hazard potential to soil environment is high. (4) The ecologi-cal risk of the atmospheric solid suspended matter is relatively strong in coal utilization phase. The ecological risk of Cd and As in primary flue gas is both lower than net flue gas. The geoaccumulation indexes of Cd and Hg in primary flue gas and net flue gas are both higher than 5, presenting the very strong ecological risk; 50 % of the geoaccumulation index values of As are between 3 and 4, which has also presenting a strong ecological risk while Pb does not present the ecolog-ical risk characterization.

show abstract

“…Even so, as shown Table 1, the major constraint comes from water resources rather than coal production. In fact, China's coal sector has basically completed industrial upgrading and restructuring and applied the world's advanced technologies for water use control [25]. Water use efficiency is high and water has been mostly recycled.…”

Section: Maximum Coal-fired Capacity Estimate For Major Coal Power Basesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suitability analysis of China's energy development strategy in the context of water resource management

Shang

Wang

Liu

et al. 2016

Energy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tCoal is China's most important primary energy source, and is supporting the rapid economic growth going on there. However, the reverse geographical distribution of coal production and consumption results in a high cost of coal transportation and low efficiency of coal utilization. To ease the pressure on coal transportation, and to mitigate pollution in eastern coastal regions, China has kicked off a strategic westeeast transfer of energy industries that requires the movement of coal power projects to the arid northwest regions. Under this strategic framework, the regulation is focused on "clean production", "consumption reduction" and "reuse", rather than conservation and protection of water resources. This study found that the northwest areas are unable to accommodate fully the planned scale of coal-fired power industry. Moreover, the subsidiary chemical industry, even if the scale of electric power development is determined according to the need for coal production, is problematic because the current water demand for the coal industry has exceeded "allowed water withdrawal". Given limited water saving potential and the huge demand-and-supply gap, it is also unrealistic to balance water demand by combination of water conservation in the power industry and water right diversion from agriculture. This study on the synergies between energy and water is urgently needed, in order to provide scientific and technological support for laying out new energy industries. A critical change should involve conciliation of conflicting policies or plans before implementation begins.

show abstract

Up-to-date life cycle assessment and comparison study of clean coal power generation technologies in China

Cited by 138 publications

References 13 publications

Projected pathways and environmental impact of China's electrified passenger vehicles

Projected pathways and environmental impact of China's electrified passenger vehicles

Study on each phase characteristics of the whole coal life cycle and their ecological risk assessment—a case of coal in China

Suitability analysis of China's energy development strategy in the context of water resource management

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About