Up-regulation expressions of lysyl oxidase family in Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Medial Collateral Ligament fibroblasts induced by Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1

Abstract

Purpose The lysyl oxidase (LOX) family plays a crucial role in the formation and stabilisation of extracellular matrix (ECM) by catalysing the cross-linking of collagen and elastin, implicating its important fundamental roles in injury healing. A high level of transforming growth factor-β 1 (TGF-β 1 ) accompanies the inflammatory phase of an injury of the knee joint. Our purpose was to detect the expressions of the LOX family in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) response to TGF-β 1 . Methods This study used reversed transcript PCR, real time quantitative PCR and Western blot for analyses. Results The results showed significant increases in mRNA levels of LOX family members. At 5 ng/ml concentration of TGF-β 1,

Interleukin-1 beta influences on lysyl oxidases and matrix metalloproteinases profile of injured anterior cruciate ligament and medial collateral ligament fibroblasts

“…The LOX family has the capability of oxidising peptidyl lysine to peptidyl aldehyde residues within collagen, thus initiating formation of the covalent cross-linkages that precipitate these extracellular proteins, which facilitates the formation and repair of ECM [15,17,18,45]. The LOX family contains five members characterised by conserved Cterminal copper binding and functional catalytic domains.…”

VEGF-ablation therapy reduces drug delivery and therapeutic response in ECM-dense tumors

“…Transforming growth factor-β is a known positive regulator of all lysyl oxidase family members. 54, 55 …”

Evaluation of application of a carpal brace as a treatment for carpal ligament instability in dogs: 14 cases (2008–2011)

“…Complete immobilization of the ankle following an acute sprain in humans is no longer a recommended treatment; early mobilization with functional treatment (allowing some joint movement in flexion and extension but supporting the joint with a brace) is preferred. 29 The function of ligaments is to provide joint stability by transmitting force across a joint and facilitating joint articulation during movement. Medial collateral ligament injuries of the human knee are common, and ligament laxity is tested with an applied valgus force with the knee flexed at 30°.…”