Unveiling the Key Elements of Effective Preventive Strategies: Insights Into Addressing Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Physiotherapists

Abstract

This study explores the awareness of strategies used in preventing work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) and their effectiveness, motivation, and barriers to preventing WMSDs among physiotherapists. This qualitative study was administered among physiotherapists in Malaysia, where semi-structured interviews with a modified interview guide were used through an online platform. The interview was performed as an open conversation and follow-up questions to ensure the research question was answered in-depth. Participants were aware of a range of strategies used in preventing WMSD among physiotherapists and acknowledged the effectiveness of these strategies. The strategies are proper body mechanics (61.5%), exercise (23.1%), proper work ergonomics (15.4%), adequate staffing (15.4%), use of equipment (15.4%), and proper warm-up (7.7%). Clinics or hospitals well equipped with devices and equipment (53.8%), encouraging proper body mechanics and posture (46.2%), and education (30.8%) were the most common themes that motivated participants in preventive WMSD. Several barriers to the engagement of these preventive strategies were also acknowledged, namely the availability of equipment, heavy workload, and inadequate staffing. The findings underscore the awareness among Malaysian physiotherapists regarding the significance of proper body mechanics and the integration of physical exercise as effective measures to prevent WMSDs. These professionals commonly employ preventive strategies, such as utilizing tools or equipment, promoting correct body mechanics and posture, and imparting educational initiatives, to actively combat WMSDs. However, employers must also address existing obstacles like equipment shortages, excessive workloads, and insufficient staffing to ensure the successful implementation of WMSD prevention strategies in the workplace.