Unveiling the Hidden Bat Diversity of a Neotropical Montane Forest

Chaverri, Gloriana; Garin, Iñazio; Alberdi, Antton; Jimenez, L.; Castillo-Salazar, Cristian; Aihartza, Joxerra

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0162712

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Hipposideros caffer and Myotis tricolor), suggesting the possibility of high genetic divergence in the Taita Hills when compared to populations elsewhere. Although the results presented here are based on only one specimen per species, this genetic divergence could be caused by isolation between the hilltops and lowlands, driven by the extreme elevational gradients in the Taita Hills (Chaverri et al 2016). This "topographic isolation" often leads to high levels of endemism, a pattern described for several montane landscapes (Chaverri et al 2016, Steinbauer et al 2016.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In addition to their role as refuge, the diverse climatic conditions and habitat heterogeneity within these ecosystems promotes the development of diverse species traits (Presley et al 2012, Cisneros et al 2014, Chaverri et al 2016, Peters et al 2016, Badgley et al 2017. This, combined with restricted genetic exchange across elevational gradients, drives evolutionary divergence and endemism (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapid assessment of bat diversity in the Taita Hills Afromontane cloud forests, southeastern Kenya

López‐Baucells

Rocha

Webala

et al. 2016

Barb

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Tropical mountain ranges are known to support high biodiversity. In addition to their role as refuge habitat, complex topography within these ecosystems promotes the development of diverse species traits and evolutionary divergence. However, species within these environments also face severe anthropological threats, most notably from habitat loss and degradation, invasive species, and climate change. A primary example is the Taita Hills in Kenya, which forms the northernmost portion of the biodiversity rich Eastern Arc Mountains. Despite the high biodiversity potential for the area, little is known regarding chiropteran diversity. In order to address this lack of knowledge, we conducted a rapid biological survey of bats during January-February 2016. Our trapping effort was focused on different habitat types (e.g. highland cloud rainforest fragments, lowland riverbeds and human structures) and diverse trapping methods were used (e.g. mist-netting and hand-netting). A total of 169 bats belonging to at least 19 species from 7 different families were captured across 16 sampling sites. We report 10 new species records for the Taita Hills region, including the first record of Miniopterus mossambicus for East Africa, with a major range expansion in its distribution, as well as the first echolocation call for Glauconycteris argentata in eastern Africa. Several cases of probable species complexes were also identified, which are the focus of ongoing molecular work. Together, our results demonstrate that the Taita Hills region is home to rich bat diversity, not yet completely assessed, and emphasizes the urgent need to conserve the remaining forest fragments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid assessment of bat diversity in the Taita Hills Afromontane cloud forests, southeastern Kenya

López‐Baucells

Rocha

Webala

et al. 2016

Barb

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“…Sin embargo, no hay que olvidar que los murciélagos cumplen roles positivos en el ecosistema, al ser polinizadores, dispersores de semillas, controladores biológicos de plagas y bioindicadores de impactos antrópicos (Chaverri et al, 2016;Ferreira et al, 2017;Oliveira et al, 2017). También son excelentes objetos de investigaciones en envejecimiento saludable, prevención del cáncer, defensa de enfermedades, ingeniería biomédica, funcionamiento ecosistémico y evolución adaptativa (Zhao, 2020).…”

Section: Discusión Y Conclusionesunclassified

Enlaces zoonóticos del coronavirus SARS-COV-2

Iannacone

Tejada

Alvariño

et al. 2020

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El 11 de marzo del 2020, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) declaró al COVID-19 como una enfermedad pandémica. Al 21 de abril del 2020, se han registrado a nivel mundial en 210 países y territorios, 2.528.396 casos positivos y 174.547 fallecidos por SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19. Se ha sugerido que la enfermedad puede transmitirse en forma zoonótica de animales a humanos. El objetivo del presente trabajo de revisión fue analizar lo publicado con relación al enlace zoonótico del COVID-19. El SARS-CoV-2 posee una estrecha relación con un coronavirus de murciélago, que fue identificado en Rhinolophus affinis Horsfield, 1823, en la provincia de Yunnan en China, donde se inició el COVID-19. Un análisis exhaustivo de las relaciones mamífero-hospedero-virus ha demostrado que los murciélagos albergan una proporción significativamente mayor de virus zoonóticos que otras órdenes de mamíferos. El pangolín Manis javanica Desmarest, 1822, es el principal sospechoso de ser el hospedero intermediario debido que, al compararse su material genético viral con el del SARS-CoV-2, mostró una alta similitud. En relación a los animales domésticos, se ha descubierto que hurones y gatos son susceptibles a la infección. En cambio, se replica mal en perros, y los cerdos, pollos y patos no son susceptibles al SARS-CoV-2. De igual forma, no hay evidencia certera que sugiera que los animales domésticos infectados tengan un papel en la propagación del COVID-19 a los humanos.Palabras clave: enfermedad viral, COVID19, fauna silvestre, gato, murciélago, pangolín, zoonosis ABSTRACT On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 as a pandemic illness. As of April 21, 2020, 2,528,396 positive cases and 174,547 deaths from SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 have been registered worldwide in 210 countries and territories. It has been suggested that the disease can be transmitted zoonotically from animals to humans. The objective of this review work was to analyze what was published in relation to the zoonotic link of COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 is closely related to a bat coronavirus, which was identified in Rhinolophus affinis Horsfield, 1823, in China's Yunnan province, where COVID-19 was started. A comprehensive analysis of mammal-host-virus relationships has shown that bats harbor a significantly higher proportion of zoonotic viruses than other orders of mammals. The pangolin Manis javanica Desmarest, 1822, is the main suspect of being the intermediate host, because when comparing its viral genetic material with that of SARS-CoV-2 it showed a high similarity. In relation to domestic animals, ferrets and cats have been found to be susceptible to infection. In contrast, it replicates poorly in dogs, and SARS-CoV-2 is not susceptible in pigs, chickens, and ducks. Similarly, there is no accurate evidence to suggest that infected pets have a role in the spread of COVID-19 to humans.Key words: bat, cat, pangolin, viral disease, wildlife, zoonosis

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“…Myotis keaysi as envisioned by Stadelmann et al 2007 andRuedi et al 2013 was identified as a monophyletic clade with considerable geographic structure and at least three different lineages (Larsen et al 2012a;Chaverri et al 2016), which were named as follows: M. keaysi (Yucatán Peninsula, México), M. cf. keaysi 2 (México, El Salvador, Guatemala), and an unnamed clade from the mountain tops of Cordillera Oriental from Ecuador and Panamá (Clare et al 2011;Larsen et al 2012b) that was later suggested to be M. keaysi (Costa Rica) in Chaverri et al (2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new bat species of the genus Myotis with comments on the phylogenetic placement of M. keaysi and M. pilosatibialis

Bonilla

Cook

2020

Therya

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, lophostoma1@gmail (CAC-B). *Corresponding author Molecular studies of Neotropical Myotis (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) in the last decade have uncovered substantial cryptic diversity. One example is M. keaysi pilosatibialis, which is characterized by a complex taxonomy derived from low morphological variation. Herein, we studied cryptic diversity of a high elevation clade from premontane and montane forest of Chiriquí Province (Panamá), Cordillera Oriental (Ecuador), and Valle del Silencio (Costa Rica). Additionally, we disentangle relationships of M. k. keaysi and M. k. pilosatibialis by determining their phylogenetic placement within the Neotropical Myotis radiation. In the process, we identified a new lineage of species level hierarchy that is described herein. We used an integrative taxonomy approach, using a combination of linear morphometrics, qualitative morphology, molecular phylogenetics, and climatic analysis. The newly identified lineage is a sister species to M. pilosatibialis str., but differs from M. sp. (Quintana Roo, México), M. keaysi str., and M. oxyotus gardneri in size and other quantitative morphological characters in addition to both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequence divergence. Based on our phylogenetic analysis of partial cytochrome b sequence, the polyphyly of M. keaysi str. and M. pilosatibialis str. is resolved, with M. keaysi str. paraphyletic to M. ruber and M. simus. Myotis pilosatibialis is part of a monophyletic clade that is sister to the newly identified species. This report refines our understanding of taxonomy and systematics of the Myotis pilosatibialis complex of bats, identifies and describes a new species of Myotis, and more broadly it contributes to efforts to characterize species in this genus in Neotropical environments. Based on its distribution, we classified this newly described species as paramontane due to its restriction to premontane and montane forest of Chiriquí Province (Panamá), Valle del Silencio (Costa Rica), and Cordillera Oriental (Ecuador). These habitats are susceptible to the effects of climate change, in addition to ongoing habitat destruction. Los estudios de genética molecular del género de murciélagos Neotropicales Myotis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) han permitido descubrir diversidad críptica en la última década. Un ejemplo es M. keaysi pilosatibialis, el cual se caracteriza por una taxonomía compleja con poca variabilidad morfológica. En esta investigación, estudiamos un clado de murciélagos myotinos de los bosques premontanos y montanos de la Provincia de Chiriquí (Panamá), Cordillera Oriental (Ecuador) y el Valle del Silencio (Costa Rica). Adicionalmente, resolvemos las relaciones de M. k. keaysi y M. k. pilosatibialis al determinar su posición filogenética en la radiación de Myotis en el Neotrópico. En el proceso, identificamos una entidad biológica a nivel de especies que es descrita es esta contribución. Desde un enfoque de taxonomía integrativa, utilizamos una combinación de morfometría lineal, caracteres morfológicos cualitativos,...

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Unveiling the Hidden Bat Diversity of a Neotropical Montane Forest

Cited by 22 publications

References 95 publications

Rapid assessment of bat diversity in the Taita Hills Afromontane cloud forests, southeastern Kenya

Rapid assessment of bat diversity in the Taita Hills Afromontane cloud forests, southeastern Kenya

Enlaces zoonóticos del coronavirus SARS-COV-2

A new bat species of the genus Myotis with comments on the phylogenetic placement of M. keaysi and M. pilosatibialis

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