Unveiling metabotype clustering in resveratrol, daidzein, and ellagic acid metabolism: Prevalence, associated gut microbiomes, and their distinctive microbial networks

Urolithin A production drives the effects of pomegranate on the gut microbial metabolism of bile acids and cholesterol in mild dyslipidaemic overweight and obese individuals

“…12 Interestingly, differences in the human gut microbial ecologies associated with UMs have been identified, and current evidence suggests that the UM-B group could be potentially prone to gut dysbiosis. 2,9–11,18,21,22 As previously reported, 10 the UM-B individuals of the present study were also at higher cardiovascular risk since their serum Tchol, LDLc, VLDLc, oxLDLc, ApoB, non-HDLc, IDLc, and small and large LDLc levels were higher than those in the UM-0 and UM-A groups at the baseline. The UM-A group showed intermediate mean levels compared to the other two UM groups.…”

“…, producers vs. non-producers of specific Uros), but within Uro producers (UM-A or UM-B) also exist a Uro production gradient that gives rise to higher and lower Uro producers. 2,21 To date, the effects of ET-rich products, including pomegranate, on the microbial transformation of colonic BAs and cholesterol have not been explored in depth in humans, and there is no information about the role of Uros, UMs and their associated gut microbiota in these effects.…”

Factors driving the inter-individual variability in the metabolism and bioavailability of (poly)phenolic metabolites: A systematic review of human studies

“…The studied populations have displayed a distinct distribution of these metabotypes, but, in most cases, the proportion of equol-producers was below 50%, while that of O -DMA producers was above 50% of the population [ 79 , 80 , 82 , 83 , 47 , [118] , [119] , [120] , [121] , [122] , [123] , [124] , [125] , [126] , [127] , [128] , [129] ]. Nevertheless, a couple of recent reports seem to deny the existence of a specific O -DMA-producing phenotype, as O -DMA was found in urine of the 95% [ 46 ] and 100% [ 130 ] of German postmenopausal women and Spanish adults, respectively. Future studies will confirm whether O -DMA production is characterized by quantitative differences (high vs .…”

“…Just a few examples have been published in the literature, focused on cranberry [ 55 ] or wine [ 56 , 57 ] phenolic metabolites, in which volunteers were clustered on the base of the type and/or amount of phenolics excreted beyond the metabolic pathway of a single family of dietary (poly)phenols. Another very recent example is the administration of a supplement containing ellagitannins/ellagic acid, resveratrol, and isoflavones to 127 healthy adults, where up to 10 different combinations of urolithin-, lunularin- and equol-producing and non-producing metabotypes were found to coexist in the studied population [ 130 ]. This kind of comprehensive approach has also been recently applied in a study conceived by Mena and colleagues [ 166 ].…”

(Poly)phenol-related gut metabotypes and human health: an update

“…An important question that remains unknown is whether a (poly)phenol “superproducer” metabotype exist, or if same individuals share the same capacity to produce different (poly)phenol gut microbial metabolites. Very recently, Iglesias-Aguirre et al 211 investigated gut metabotype clusters (MC) for resveratrol, ellagic acid and daidzein in 127 individuals. To our knowledge, this is the first study investigating (poly)phenol gut metabotype clusters for different (poly)phenols, which would be more applicable to real life settings since multiple (poly)phenols are consumed together within the same foods and certain gut bacteria species might be involved in the metabolism of more than one (poly)phenol class.…”