Unveiling Far-Infrared Counterparts of Bright Submillimeter Galaxies Using Pacs Imaging

Dannerbauer, H.; Daddi, E.; Morrison, G.; Altiéri, B.; Andreani, P.; Aussel, H.; Berta, S.; Bongiovanni, Á.; Cava, A.; Cepa, J.; Cimatti, A.; Domínguez, H.; Elbaz, D.; Schreiber, N. Förster; Genzel, R.; Gruppioni, C.; Horeau, B.; Hwang, Ho Seong; Floc’h, E. Le; Pennec, J. Le; Lutz, D.; Magdis, G.; Magnelli, B.; Maiolino, R.; Nordon, R.; Pérez-García, A. M.; Poglitsch, A.; Popesso, P.; Pozzi, F.; Riguccini, L.; Rodighiero, G.; Saintonge, A.; Santini, P.; Sánchez‐Portal, M.; Shao, Li; Sturm, E.; Tacconi, L. J.; Valtchanov, I.

doi:10.1088/2041-8205/720/2/l144

Cited by 17 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The detection of this source in the PACS bands has also been discussed by Dannerbauer et al (2010) and Magnelli et al (2010) while Frayer et al (2008) has reported the detection of CO(2→1) emission. In Fig.…”

Section: Evidence For Silicate Absorptionsupporting

confidence: 60%

GOODS-Herschel: a population of 24 μm dropout sources atz < 2

Magdis¹,

Elbaz²,

Dickinson³

et al. 2011

A&A

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Using extremely deep PACS 100-and 160 μm Herschel data from the GOODS-Herschel program, we identify 21 infrared bright galaxies previously missed in the deepest 24 μm surveys performed by Spitzer/MIPS. These MIPS dropouts are predominantly found in two redshift bins, centred at z ∼ 0.4 and ∼1.3. Their S 100 /S 24 flux density ratios are similar to those of local (ultra-) luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs and ULIRGs), whose silicate absorption features at 18 μm (at z ∼ 0.4) and 9.7 μm (at z ∼ 1.3) are shifted into the 24 μm MIPS band at these redshifts. The high-z sub-sample consists of 11 infrared luminous sources, accounting for ∼2% of the whole GOODS-Herschel sample and putting strong upper limits on the fraction of LIRGs/ULIRGs at 1.0 < z < 1.7 that are missed by the 24 μm surveys. We find that a S 100 /S 24 > 43 colour cut selects galaxies with a redshift distribution similar to that of the MIPS dropouts and when combined with a second colour cut, S 16 /S 8 > 4, isolates sources at 1.0 < z < 1.7. We show that these sources have elevated specific star formation rates (sSFR) compared to main sequence galaxies at these redshifts and are likely to be compact starbursts with moderate/strong 9.7 μm silicate absorption features in their mid-IR spectra. Herschel data reveal that their infrared luminosities extrapolated from the 24 μm flux density are underestimated, on average, by a factor of ∼3. These silicate break galaxies account for 16% (8%) of the ULIRG (LIRG) population in the GOODS fields, indicating a lower limit in their space density of 2.0 × 10 −5 Mpc −3 . Finally, we provide estimates of the fraction of z < 2 MIPS dropout sources as a function of the 24-, 100-, 160-, 250-and 350 μm sensitivity limits, and conclude that previous predictions of a population of silicate break galaxies missed by the major 24 μm extragalactic surveys have been overestimated.

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Section: Evidence For Silicate Absorptionsupporting

confidence: 60%

GOODS-Herschel: a population of 24 μm dropout sources atz < 2

Magdis¹,

Elbaz²,

Dickinson³

et al. 2011

A&A

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“…The secure PACS 160 μm counterpart seems to be physically associated with the HAE. No other SMG in our sample has two PACS counterparts and no such system was seen in GOODS-N (Dannerbauer et al 2010). At the edge of the PACS 160 μm beams, we find the candidate Lyα emitters L877 (Kurk et al 2004a).…”

Section: Smm J1140424−262715 (Dkb14 No)mentioning

confidence: 62%

“…For each candidate counterpart within the search radius we calculate the corrected Poissonian probability p that the SMG association is a chance coincidence. This approach corrects the simple Poissonian probability of a detected association for the possibility of associations of different nature but similar probability (Downes et al 1986) and is widely applied and accepted in the community (e.g., Ivison et al 2002;Dannerbauer et al 2004Dannerbauer et al , 2010Biggs et al 2011;Smail et al 2014). It basically depends on the search radius, the distance of the potential counterpart to the LABOCA source and the source surface density down to the flux level of the potential LABOCA counterpart.…”

Section: Laboca Source Counterpartsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An excess of dusty starbursts related to the Spiderweb galaxy

Dannerbauer

Kurk

Breuck

et al. 2014

A&A

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We present APEX LABOCA 870 μm observations of the field around the high-redshift radio galaxy MRC1138−262 at z = 2.16. We detect 16 submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) in this ∼140 arcmin 2 bolometer map with flux densities in the range 3-11 mJy. The raw number counts indicate a density of SMGs that is up to four times that of blank field surveys. Based on an exquisite multiwavelength database, including VLA 1.4 GHz radio and infrared observations, we investigate whether these sources are members of the protocluster structure at z ≈ 2.2. Using Herschel PACS and SPIRE and Spitzer MIPS photometry, we derive reliable far-infrared (FIR) photometric redshifts for all sources. Follow-up VLT ISAAC and SINFONI NIR spectra confirm that four of these SMGs have redshifts of z ≈ 2.2. We also present evidence that another SMG in this field, detected earlier at 850 μm, has a counterpart that exhibits Hα and CO(1-0) emission at z = 2.15. Including the radio galaxy and two SMGs with FIR photometric redshifts at z = 2.2, we conclude that at least eight submm sources are part of the protocluster at z = 2.16 associated with the radio galaxy MRC1138−262. We measure a star formation rate density SFRD ∼1500 M yr −1 Mpc −3 , four magnitudes higher than the global SFRD of blank fields at this redshift. Strikingly, these eight sources are concentrated within a region of 2 Mpc (the typical size of clusters in the local universe) and are distributed within the filaments traced by the HAEs at z ≈ 2.2. This concentration of massive, dusty starbursts is not centered on the submillimeter-bright radio galaxy which could support the infalling of these sources into the cluster center. Approximately half (6/11) of the SMGs that are covered by the Hα imaging data are associated with HAEs, demonstrating the potential of tracing SMG counterparts with this population. To summarize, our results demonstrate that submillimeter observations may enable us to study (proto)clusters of massive, dusty starbursts.

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“…In other fields, the PACS/SPIRE requirement is even less constraining because the SPIRE observations are as deep as in GOODS-N while radio and (sub)mm observations are shallower. This is reflected by the fact that the PACS/SPIRE detection rate of SMGs with robust spectroscopic redshift estimates is very high, and much higher than that observed by Dannerbauer et al (2010) for the entire SMG population, i.e., 73% versus 39%.…”

Section: Final Sample and Selection Biasesmentioning

confidence: 94%

AHerschelview of the far-infrared properties of submillimetre galaxies

Magnelli

Lutz

Santini

et al. 2012

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We study a sample of 61 submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) selected from ground-based surveys, with known spectroscopic redshifts and observed with the Herschel Space Observatory as part of the PACS Evolutionary Probe (PEP) and the Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey (HerMES) guaranteed time key programmes. Our study makes use of the broad far-infrared and submillimetre wavelength coverage (100−600 μm) only made possible by the combination of observations from the PACS and SPIRE instruments aboard the Herschel Space Observatory. Using a power-law temperature distribution model to derive infrared luminosities and dust temperatures, we measure a dust emissivity spectral index for SMGs of β = 2.0 ± 0.2. Our results unambiguously unveil the diversity of the SMG population. Some SMGs exhibit extreme infrared luminosities of ∼10 13 L and relatively warm dust components, while others are fainter (a few times 10 12 L ) and are biased towards cold dust temperatures. Although at z ∼ 2 classical SMGs (>5 mJy at 850 μm) have large infrared luminosities (∼10 13 L ), objects only selected on their submm flux densities (without any redshift informations) probe a large range in dust temperatures and infrared luminosities. The extreme infrared luminosities of some SMGs (L IR 10 12.7 L , 26/61 systems) imply star formation rates (SFRs) of >500 M yr −1 (assuming a Chabrier IMF and no dominant AGN contribution to the FIR luminosity). Such high SFRs are difficult to reconcile with a secular mode of star formation, and may instead correspond to a merger-driven stage in the evolution of these galaxies. Another observational argument in favour of this scenario is the presence of dust temperatures warmer than that of SMGs of lower luminosities (∼40 K as opposed to ∼25 K), consistent with observations of local ultraluminous infrared galaxies triggered by major mergers and with results from hydrodynamic simulations of major mergers combined with radiative transfer calculations. Moreover, we find that luminous SMGs are systematically offset from normal star-forming galaxies in the stellar mass-SFR plane, suggesting that they are undergoing starburst events with short duty cycles, compatible with the major merger scenario. On the other hand, a significant fraction of the low infrared luminosity SMGs have cold dust temperatures, are located close to the main sequence of star formation, and therefore might be evolving through a secular mode of star formation. However, the properties of this latter population, especially their dust temperature, should be treated with caution because at these luminosities SMGs are not a representative sample of the entire star-forming galaxy population.

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Unveiling Far-Infrared Counterparts of Bright Submillimeter Galaxies Using Pacs Imaging

Cited by 17 publications

References 47 publications

GOODS-Herschel: a population of 24 μm dropout sources atz < 2

GOODS-Herschel: a population of 24 μm dropout sources atz < 2

An excess of dusty starbursts related to the Spiderweb galaxy

AHerschelview of the far-infrared properties of submillimetre galaxies

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