Unveiling Cutting Edge Innovations in the Catalytic Valorization of Biodiesel Byproduct Glycerol into Value Added Products

Abstract

The increasing production of biodiesel has led to a glut in the production of glycerol, which is a byproduct. This has resulted in the quest for alternative applications using glycerol as a cheap and readily available starting material. One promising approach is the catalytic valorization of glycerol, which converts glycerol into valuable chemicals such as 1,2‐propanediol, lactic acid, and acrolein. The glycerol formed affects the efficiency of the biodiesel, and hence it must be removed. Different processes can convert glycerol to various useful products like glycerol carbonate, glycidol, solketal, lactic acid, and glyceric acid. These different products, the processes used for synthesis, and the various catalysts used have been discussed. The most effective methods for the syntheses, the numerous catalyst systems, mechanisms of the reactions, and applications of these products in different fields are discussed in this review. The paper also discusses the challenges and opportunities of glycerol valorization, including the need for improved catalyst selectivity and activity and the potential for integrating glycerol valorization with other biorefinery processes. Overall, the catalytic valorization of glycerol offers a promising pathway for utilizing this abundantly available resource, and this review provides valuable insights for researchers and practitioners working in this area.

Selective Oxidation of Glycerol to Lactic Acid Catalyzed by CuO/Activated Carbon and Reaction Kinetics

“…In the field of renewable energy utilization, biodiesel has broad development prospects and has received widespread attention. − During the production process of biodiesel, a large amount of byproduct glycerol is inevitably generated, with 10 kg of glycerol produced for every 100 kg of biodiesel. − The continuous large-scale production of biodiesel has directly led to a decrease in glycerol market prices. However, glycerol can be used as an inexpensive raw material to produce high-value-added chemicals, such as lactic acid (LA), dihydroxyacetone (DHA), acrylic acid, 1,2-propanediol, etc. − …”

“…However, glycerol can be used as an inexpensive raw material to produce high-value-added chemicals, such as lactic acid (LA), dihydroxyacetone (DHA), acrylic acid, 1,2-propanediol, etc. 8 − 13 …”