Unusually high seroprevalence of Borna disease virus in clade E human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients with sexually transmitted diseases in Thailand

Auwanit, Wattana; Ayuthaya, Panasda Isarangkura Na; Nakaya, Takaaki; Fujiwara, Suguru; Kurata, Takeshi; Yamanishi, Koichi; Ikuta, Kazuyoshi

doi:10.1128/cdli.3.5.590-593.1996

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…users and pregnant women analyzed in the same study (165). HIV-1 clade E-infected patients with STD appear to rapidly progress to AIDS (166,167), suggesting that clade E may be more virulent than clade B.…”

Section: Immunosuppressive Disordersmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In addition, BDV seroprevalence was found to be very high (about 40%) in HIV-1 clade E-infected patients with sexually transmitted diseases (STD) in Thailand, compared to the prevalence found in clade E-infected prostitutes (8.3%), and HIV-1negative blood donors (1.9%) (165). BDV seropositives were not found among clade B-infected intravenous drug Sections from hippocampus and cerebellum from P1 and P2 cases, which were negative and positive for BDV 'P' RNA by RT-PCR, respectively, were subjected to ISH using a BDV 'P' antisense riboprobe.…”

Section: Immunosuppressive Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Borna disease virus and infection in humans

Ikuta¹

2002

Front Biosci

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Borna disease virus (BDV) is a nonsegmented, negative-, single-stranded, highly neurotropic RNA virus with noncytolytic replication in the central nervous system. This virus causes neurological and behavioral disturbances primarily in horses and sheep, in addition to a variety of other vertebrate animal species and in laboratory animal models. BDV is now gaining much of the research attention, because the disturbances seen in animals resemble those of neuropsychiatric disorders in humans. These observations raise the possibility that BDV infection may be associated with certain human disorders. Serological and molecular studies on many samples from human patients with a variety of psychiatric disorders have been performed. Some reported the presence and elevated levels of serum antibodies to BDV. Others reported the presence of BDV-RNAs or BDV-antigens in the peripheral blood samples as well as in autopsied brains. Taken together these data support the possibility of human infection with BDV. On the contrary, others reported the complete absence of such BDV-markers from their samples, supporting the absence of a link between BDV infection and psychiatric disorders as well as excluding it as a human pathogen. Thus, BDV infection in humans is highly controversial. Further investigations are required to answer the question whether BDV is a human pathogen and moreover, to elucidate the possible role, if any, of BDV in the pathogeneses of these disorders.

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Section: Immunosuppressive Disordersmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Immunosuppressive Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Borna disease virus and infection in humans

Ikuta¹

2002

Front Biosci

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“…Detection of anti-BDV antibodies. Anti-BDV antibodies in serum and plasma samples were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or immunoblotting with peroxidase-conjugated rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) fraction to sheep immunoglobulin G (Organon Teknika Corporation, Durham, N.C.), as previously described (2,22). The BDV antigens for these assays are ORF I and ORF II, coding for p40 nucleoprotein and p24 polymerase cofactor, respectively (12,35).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of Borna disease virus infection in healthy sheep in Japan

Hagiwara

Kawamoto

Takahashi

et al. 1997

Clin Diagn Lab Immunol

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Previous seroepidemiological and molecular epidemiological studies of Borna disease virus (BDV) showed considerably high rates of infection in horses, cattle, cats, and humans in Hokkaido, Japan. Here, we further demonstrate high rates of specific antibodies to BDV and BDV RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy sheep bred on the same island. The BDV prevalences by immunoblotting and/or reverse transcriptase PCR were 0% (0 of 19) in newborns (<1 month old), 51.7% (15 of 29) in lambs (1 to 6 months old), and 36.7% (11 of 30) in adults (>2 years old). Among animals positive for BDV, 60% of lambs and 45.5% of adults contained BDV RNA in PBMCs while 46.7% of lambs and 90.9% of adults contained specific antibodies to BDV. Thus, it is suggested that virus replication in the blood, as observed in lambs, is usually reduced in adulthood by raising immune responses to BDV.

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“…We could demonstrate very low-level BDV antibody positivity among patients with HIV infection and chronic fatigue syndrome, although there are some reports of high seroprevalence among patients with these diseases. Auwanit et al (2) reported an unusually high seroprevalence of BDV in HIVinfected patients by ELISA with GST-BDV p24 (full-length) fusion protein as the antigen, and Nakaya et al (15) also reported that six of 25 chronic fatigue syndrome patients were positive for BDV by WB with the same GST-BDV p24 fusion protein. In our ECLIA system, some sera from HIV-infected patients have had high counts over the cutoff level at first screening, but all except one were judged negative by a specific inhibition test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Borna Disease Virus-Reactive Antibodies from Patients with Psychiatric Disorders and from Horses by Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay

Yamaguchi

Sawada

Naraki

et al. 1999

Clin Diagn Lab Immunol

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The prevalence of Borna disease virus (BDV)-specific antibodies among patients with psychiatric disorders and healthy individuals has varied in several reports using several different serological assay methods. A reliable and specific method for anti-BDV antibodies needs to be developed to clarify the pathological significance of BDV infections in humans. We developed a new electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) for the antibody to BDV that uses two recombinant proteins of BDV, p40 and p24 (full length). Using this ECLIA, we examined 3,476 serum samples from humans with various diseases and 917 sera from blood donors in Japan for the presence of anti-BDV antibodies. By ECLIA, 26 (3.08%) of 845 schizophrenia patients and 9 (3.59%) of 251 patients with mood disorders were seropositive for BDV. Among 323 patients with other psychiatric diseases, 114 with neurological diseases, 75 with chronic fatigue syndrome, 85 human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients, 50 with autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosis and 17 with leprosy, there was no positive case except one case each with alcohol addiction, AIDS, and dementia. Although 19 (1.36%) of 1,393 patients with various ocular diseases, 10 (1.09%) of 917 blood donors, and 3 (4.55%) of 66 multitransfused patients were seropositive for BDV-specific antigen, high levels of seroprevalence in schizophrenia patients and young patients (16 to 59 years old) with mood disorders were statistically significant. The immunoreactivity of seropositive sera could be verified for specificity by blocking with soluble p40 and/or p24 recombinant protein. Anti-p24 antibody was more frequent than p40 antibody in most cases, and in some psychotic patients antibody profiles showed only p40 antibody. Although serum positive for both p40 and p24 antibodies was not found in this study, the p40 ECLIA count in schizophrenia patients was higher than that of blood donors. Furthermore, we examined 90 sera from Japanese feral horses. Antibody profiles of control human samples are similar to that of naturally BDV-infected feral horses. We concluded that BDV infection was associated in some way with psychiatric disorders.

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Unusually high seroprevalence of Borna disease virus in clade E human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients with sexually transmitted diseases in Thailand

Cited by 22 publications

References 19 publications

Borna disease virus and infection in humans

Borna disease virus and infection in humans

High prevalence of Borna disease virus infection in healthy sheep in Japan

Detection of Borna Disease Virus-Reactive Antibodies from Patients with Psychiatric Disorders and from Horses by Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay

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