Search citation statements
Paper Sections
Citation Types
Year Published
Publication Types
Relationship
Authors
Journals
Background: Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, may be considered a neglected tropical disease which remains underdiagnosed in many geographical areas. Travelers can act as sentinels of disease activity and data from imported cases may help complete the global map of melioidosis. Methods: A literature search for imported melioidosis for the period 2016-2022 was performed in PubMed and Google Scholar. Results: In total, 137 reports of melioidosis associated with travel were identified. The majority were males (71%) and associated with exposure in Asia (77%) (mainly Thailand, 41%, and India, 9%). A minority acquired the infection in the Americas-Caribbean area (6%), Africa (5%) and Oceania (2%). The most frequent comorbidity was diabetes mellitus (25%) followed by underlying pulmonary, liver or renal disease (8%, 5% and 3%, respectively). Alcohol/tobacco use were noted for 7 and 6 patients, respectively (5%). Five patients (4%) had associated non-HIV related immunosuppression and 3 patients (2%) had HIV infection. One patient (0.8%) had concomitant COVID-19. A proportion (27%) had no underlying diseases. The most frequent clinical presentations included pneumonia (35%), sepsis (30%), and skin/soft tissue infections (14%). Most developed symptoms <1 week after return (55%) and 29% developed symptoms >12 weeks after. Ceftazidime and meropenem were the main treatments used during the intensive intravenous phase (52% and 41% of patients, respectively) and the majority (82%) received co-trimoxazole alone/combination, for the eradication phase. Most patients had a favorable outcome/survived (87%). The search also retrieved cases in imported animals or cases secondary to imported commercial products. Conclusions: As post-pandemic travel soars, health professionals should be aware of the possibility of imported melioidosis with its diverse presentations. Currently no licensed vaccine is available so prevention in travelers should focus on protective measures (avoiding contact with soil/stagnant water in endemic areas). Biological samples from suspected cases require processing in biosafety level 3 facilities.
Background: Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, may be considered a neglected tropical disease which remains underdiagnosed in many geographical areas. Travelers can act as sentinels of disease activity and data from imported cases may help complete the global map of melioidosis. Methods: A literature search for imported melioidosis for the period 2016-2022 was performed in PubMed and Google Scholar. Results: In total, 137 reports of melioidosis associated with travel were identified. The majority were males (71%) and associated with exposure in Asia (77%) (mainly Thailand, 41%, and India, 9%). A minority acquired the infection in the Americas-Caribbean area (6%), Africa (5%) and Oceania (2%). The most frequent comorbidity was diabetes mellitus (25%) followed by underlying pulmonary, liver or renal disease (8%, 5% and 3%, respectively). Alcohol/tobacco use were noted for 7 and 6 patients, respectively (5%). Five patients (4%) had associated non-HIV related immunosuppression and 3 patients (2%) had HIV infection. One patient (0.8%) had concomitant COVID-19. A proportion (27%) had no underlying diseases. The most frequent clinical presentations included pneumonia (35%), sepsis (30%), and skin/soft tissue infections (14%). Most developed symptoms <1 week after return (55%) and 29% developed symptoms >12 weeks after. Ceftazidime and meropenem were the main treatments used during the intensive intravenous phase (52% and 41% of patients, respectively) and the majority (82%) received co-trimoxazole alone/combination, for the eradication phase. Most patients had a favorable outcome/survived (87%). The search also retrieved cases in imported animals or cases secondary to imported commercial products. Conclusions: As post-pandemic travel soars, health professionals should be aware of the possibility of imported melioidosis with its diverse presentations. Currently no licensed vaccine is available so prevention in travelers should focus on protective measures (avoiding contact with soil/stagnant water in endemic areas). Biological samples from suspected cases require processing in biosafety level 3 facilities.
Melioidosis, an infection caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, has a very high risk of mortality when treated, with an even higher risk of fatality if undiagnosed or not treated appropriately. It is endemic to Asia, Australia, South America, and the Caribbean; however, the number of melioidosis cases reported in the United States has been increasing. Therefore, physicians should be aware of this clinical entity and its possible presentations. Mycotic aneurysms due to B. pseudomallei are extremely rare, accounting for ~1%–2% of cases. Here we describe a rare case of melioidosis presenting as a mycotic aneurysm in the United States, highlight the potential for diagnostic challenges and epidemiologic concerns, and provide a review of mycotic aneurysm cases due to B. pseudomallei published to date.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.