Unusual ocular manifestations following viper bite

Aye, May Thet Hnin; Naing, Thet; Myint, Kay Thi

doi:10.1136/bcr-2018-225040

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Since the cornea and lens are avascular tissues, snake venoms do not directly injure these tissues. However, some anterior segment complications such as corneal striae, cataract, anterior pseudohypopyon, anterior ischemia, and iris atrophy were also observed in the eye of snakebite victims [ 35 , 36 ]. These complications in the anterior segment might be attributed to the secondary inflammatory effects in the posterior segment.…”

Section: Snake Venom/toxin Cause Ocular Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Venom Ophthalmia and Ocular Complications Caused by Snake Venom

Chang

Huang

Chen

et al. 2020

Toxins

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Little is known about the detailed clinical description, pathophysiology, and efficacy of treatments for ocular envenoming (venom ophthalmia) caused by venom of the spitting elapid and other snakes, as well as ocular complications caused by snake venom injection. In this paper, we review clinical information of case reports regarding venom ophthalmia and snake venom injection with associated ocular injuries in Asia, Africa, and the United States. We also review the literature of snake venom such as their compositions, properties, and toxic effects. Based on the available clinical information and animal studies, we further discuss possible mechanisms of venom ophthalmia derived from two different routes (Duvernoy’s gland in the mouth and nuchal gland in the dorsal neck) and the pathophysiology of snake venom injection induced ocular complications, including corneal edema, corneal erosion, cataract, ocular inflammation, retinal hemorrhage, acute angle closure glaucoma, as well as ptosis, diplopia, and photophobia. Finally, we discuss the appropriate first aid and novel strategies for treating venom ophthalmia and snake envenoming.

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Section: Snake Venom/toxin Cause Ocular Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Venom Ophthalmia and Ocular Complications Caused by Snake Venom

Chang

Huang

Chen

et al. 2020

Toxins

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“…The vast majority of terrestrial snake bites were attributed to the Russel viper [ 22 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 28 , 35 ], with bites resulting from cobras [ 22 , 23 , 27 , 28 , 35 ] or green pit vipers [ 23 , 27 , 28 , 35 ] also fairly common, alongside a low level of bites from other species [ 22 , 23 , 35 ]. The acute symptoms that developed following a terrestrial snake bite differed between species, but reported symptoms included pain [ 23 , 25 ], vomiting [ 23 , 25 ], nausea [ 23 ], localised swelling [ 23 ], acute kidney injury [ 23 , 28 ], necrosis [ 25 ], lymphadenopathy [ 23 ], ocular manifestations [ 29 ] and effects of neurotoxicity [ 20 , 21 ]. Conjunctivitis following the introduction of venom to the eyes by the spitting cobra has also been documented as an outcome [ 26 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review of Human Poisoning and Toxic Exposures in Myanmar

Cook

Jagpal²,

Pwint

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The International Health Regulations (2005) promote national capacity in core institutions so that countries can better detect, respond to and recover from public health emergencies. In accordance with the ‘all hazards’ approach to public health risk, this systematic review examines poisoning and toxic exposures in Myanmar. A systematic literature search was undertaken to find articles pertaining to poisoning in Myanmar published between 1998 and 2020. A number of poisoning risks are identified in this review, including snakebites, heavy metals, drugs of abuse, agrochemicals and traditional medicine. Patterns of poisoning presented in the literature diverge from poisoning priorities reported in other lower-middle income countries in the region. The experience of professionals working in a Yangon-based poison treatment unit also indicate that frequently observed poisoning as a result of pharmaceuticals, methanol, and petroleum products was absent from the literature. Other notable gaps in the available research include assessments of the public health burden of poisoning through self-harm, household exposures to chemicals, paediatric risk and women’s occupational risk of poisoning. There is a limited amount of research available on poisoning outcomes and routes of exposure in Myanmar. Further investigation and research are warranted to provide a more complete assessment of poisoning risk and incidence.

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“…ocular manifestations [29] and effects of neurotoxicity [20,21]. Conjunctivitis following the introduction of venom to the eyes by the spitting cobra has also been documented as an outcome [26].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review of Human Poisoning and Toxic Exposures in Myanmar

Cook¹,

Jagpal²,

Pwint³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The International Health Regulations (2005) promote national capacity in core institutions so countries can better detect, respond to and recover from public health emergencies. In accordance with the ‘all hazards’ approach to public health risk, this systematic review examines poisoning and toxic exposures in Myanmar. A systematic literature search was undertaken to find articles pertaining to poisoning in Myanmar published between 1998 and 2020. A number of poisoning risks are identified in this review including snakebites, heavy metals, drugs of abuse, agro-chemicals and traditional medicine. Patterns of poisoning presented in the literature diverge from poisoning priorities reported in other lower-middle income countries in the region. The expe-rience of professionals working in a Yangon-based poison treatment unit indicates that frequently observed poisoning as a result of substances including pharmaceuticals, methanol, and petroleum products were absent from the literature. Other notable gaps in the available research include assessments of the public health burden of poisoning through self-harm, household exposures to chemicals, paediatric risk and women’s occupational risk of poisoning. There is a limited amount of research available on poisoning outcomes and routes of exposure in Myanmar. Further inves-tigation and research is warranted to provide a more complete assessment of poisoning risk and incidence.

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Unusual ocular manifestations following viper bite

Abstract: We report a case of a 70-year-old farmer admitted for viper bite who presented with bilateral hyphema and angle closure attack. He was managed conservatively with topical steroids and cycloplegics. He responded well and was discharged after 2 weeks.

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

Venom Ophthalmia and Ocular Complications Caused by Snake Venom

Venom Ophthalmia and Ocular Complications Caused by Snake Venom

Systematic Review of Human Poisoning and Toxic Exposures in Myanmar

Systematic Review of Human Poisoning and Toxic Exposures in Myanmar

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