Unusual Near-Horizon Cosmic-Ray-like Events Observed by ANITA-IV

Gorham, P. W.; Ludwig, Andrew; Deaconu, C.; Cao, Pinlu; Allison, P.; Banerjee, O.; Batten, L.; Bhattacharya, D.; Beatty, J. J.; Belov, K.; Binns, W. R.; Bugaev, V.; Chen, C. H.; Chen, P.; Chen, Y.; Clem, J.; Cremonesi, L.; Dailey, B.; Dowkontt, P. F.; Fox, B. D.; Gordon, J.; Hast, C.; Hill, B.; Hsu, Shih-Ying; Huang, J. J.; Hughes, K.; Hupe, R.; Israel, M. H.; Liu, Tsung-Che; Macchiarulo, L.; Matsuno, S.; McBride, K.; Miki, C.; Nam, J. W.; Naudet, C. J.; Nichol, R. J.; Novikov, Alexander; Oberla, E.; Olmedo, Manuel; Prechelt, Remy; Rauch, B. F.; Roberts, Jason; Romero-Wolf, A.; Rotter, B.; Russell, John Wellesley; Saltzberg, D.; Seckel, D.; Schoorlemmer, H.; Shiao, Judith Shu-Chu; Stockham, J.; Stockham, M.; Strutt, B.; Sutherland, M.; Varner, G.; Vieregg, A. G.; Wang, S. H.; Wissel, S.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.126.071103

Cited by 17 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…As we mentioned above, our main arguments leading to the identification of the MMEs with the AQN events are not based on an order of magnitude estimate of the frequency of appearance (16). Rather, our main arguments are based on specific qualitative features (formulated as puzzles) and which cannot be explained in terms of the conventional CR air showers.…”

Section: Event Rate Of Mmementioning

confidence: 88%

“…The final example we want to mention here is the observation by ANITA [14][15][16] of two anomalous events with noninverted polarity. These two events had been identified as the Earth emergent upward going CR-like events with exit angles of −27 0 and −35 0 relative to the horizon.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result we consider the Formula ( 16) as an order of magnitude estimate at the very best. However, our main arguments of the identification of the MMEs with the AQN events are not based on the estimate (16). We present this estimate here exclusively for illustrative purposes.…”

Section: Event Rate Of Mmementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This similarity hints on a common origin for all these phenomena. Therefore, if one normalize N to the observed ANITA anomalous events (assuming that all three phenomena originated from the same AQN based physics) one arrives to correct order of magnitude estimate as the suppression factor ∼0.1 is approximately the same for all three phenomena estimated for the mysterious TA bursts in [9], the ANITA anomalous events in [13], and Multi-Modal Events estimated in (16). The main uncertainty related to the basic normalization of the flux Φ cancels out if such relative ratios are considered.…”

Section: Event Rate Of Mmementioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, it has been argued in [9,10] that the Telescope Array (TA) "mysterious bursts" [11,12] can be naturally interpreted as the AQN events. Secondly, it has been also argued in [13] that the Antarctic Impulse Transient Antenna (ANITA) observation [14][15][16] of two anomalous events with noninverted polarity might be also a consequence of the AQN annihilation events. Important comment here that in all those cases the basic parameters of the AQN model remain the same as they have been fixed long ago from dramatically different observations in a very different context.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-Modal Clustering Events Observed by Horizon-10T and Axion Quark Nuggets

Zhitnitsky

2021

Universe

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The Horizon-10T collaboration have reported observation of Multi-Modal Events (MME) containing multiple peaks suggesting their clustering origin. These events are proven to be hard to explain in terms of conventional cosmic rays (CR). We propose that these MMEs might be result of the dark matter annihilation events within the so-called axion quark nugget (AQN) dark matter model, which was originally invented for completely different purpose to explain the observed similarity between the dark and the visible components in the Universe, i.e., ΩDM∼Ωvisible without any fitting parameters. We support this proposal by demonstrating that the observations, including the frequency of appearance, intensity, the spatial distribution, the time duration, the clustering features, and many other properties nicely match the emission characteristics of the AQN annihilation events in atmosphere. We list a number of features of the AQN events which are very distinct from conventional CR air showers. The observation (non-observation) of these features may substantiate (refute) our proposal.

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Section: Event Rate Of Mmementioning

confidence: 88%

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Event Rate Of Mmementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Event Rate Of Mmementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-Modal Clustering Events Observed by Horizon-10T and Axion Quark Nuggets

Zhitnitsky

2021

Universe

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Tau neutrinos in the next decade: from GeV to EeV

Abraham

Álvarez-Muñiz

Argüelles

et al. 2022

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.

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Experimental tests of sub-surface reflectors as an explanation for the ANITA anomalous events

Smith

Besson

Deaconu

et al. 2021

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

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The balloon-borne ANITA [1] experiment is designed to detect ultra-high energy neutrinos via radio emissions produced by in-ice showers. Although initially purposed for interactions within the Antarctic ice sheet, ANITA also demonstrated the ability to self-trigger on radio emissions from ultra-high energy charged cosmic rays [2] (CR) interacting in the Earth's atmosphere. For showers produced above the Antarctic ice sheet, reflection of the down-coming radio signals at the Antarctic surface should result in a polarity inversion prior to subsequent observation at the ∼35–40 km altitude ANITA gondola. Based on data taken during the ANITA-1 and ANITA-3 flights, ANITA published two anomalous instances of upcoming cosmic-rays with measured polarity opposite the remaining sample of ∼50 UHECR signals [3, 4]. The steep observed upwards incidence angles (25–30 degrees relative to the horizontal) require non-Standard Model physics if these events are due to in-ice neutrino interactions, as the Standard Model cross-section would otherwise prohibit neutrinos from penetrating the long required chord of Earth. Shoemaker et al. [5] posit that glaciological effects may explain the steep observed anomalous events. We herein consider the scenarios offered by Shoemaker et al. and find them to be disfavored by extant ANITA and HiCal experimental data. We note that the recent report of four additional near-horizon anomalous ANITA-4 events [6], at >3σ significance, are incompatible with their model, which requires significant signal transmission into the ice.

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Unusual Near-Horizon Cosmic-Ray-like Events Observed by ANITA-IV

Cited by 17 publications

References 27 publications

Multi-Modal Clustering Events Observed by Horizon-10T and Axion Quark Nuggets

Multi-Modal Clustering Events Observed by Horizon-10T and Axion Quark Nuggets

Tau neutrinos in the next decade: from GeV to EeV

Experimental tests of sub-surface reflectors as an explanation for the ANITA anomalous events

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