We present the results of a neutron powder-diffraction study on La 1Ϫx Ca x CoO 3 . We show that, contrary to previous reports, a first-order structural transition R3 c→ Pnma occurs as a function of both x and T. Spin-state transitions occur as a function of x, T as indicated by the changes in cell volume, with evidence of a macroscopically inhomogeneous spin-state mixture at xϭ0.1. The magnetic behavior generally parallels that of La 1Ϫx Sr x CoO 3 , with evidence for both spin-glass behavior and ferromagnetism.