Unusual lightning electric field waveforms observed in Kathmandu, Nepal, and Uppsala, Sweden

Adhikari, Pitri Bhakta; Sharma, Shailesh; Baral, K. N.; Rakov, Vladimir A.

doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2017.08.028

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Galvan and Fernando [8] described about these types of circular metallic plate antenna in horizontal to measure the vertical electric field and the vertical rod antenna is taken as the antenna system to measure the vertical electric field. Adhikari et al [9] described about the horizontal parallel plate antenna to measure the vertical electric field in Kathmandu, Nepal. The altitude of Kathmandu is about 1300 m and this antenna which observed the vertical electric field produced by the lightning were recorded in the pico-scope.…”

Section: Methodology and Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Measurement System of Lightning

Adhikari

2023

EJPHYSICS

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Lightning phenomena is the electrical discharging phenomena. The electromagnetic radiations due to lightning, having various frequencies with different wavelengths are produced. The measurement of lightning by different method like the photography method, current measurement method, electric and magnetic field measurements method and thunder measurement methods can be used. The lightning phenomena produced the waveforms of electric and magnetic field which are the basic parameters to understand the phenomena of lightning discharges. The pair of circular flat metallic plates, separated from each other by insulating material, and are used to capture the signature and measure the electromagnetic radiations produced due to lightning. The waveforms were recorded in the hilly and mountainous country, of Nepal. These types of waveforms are observed and recorded.

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Section: Methodology and Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Measurement System of Lightning

Adhikari

2023

EJPHYSICS

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“…Positive flashes are prevalent during the dissipating stage of thunderstorms and are more destructive than their negative counterparts (Schumann et al, 2013;Nag & Rakov, 2014). Unusual waveforms have also been observed in mountainous regions, in which the opposite polarity leader pulses before the return strokes in positive ground flashes (Adhikari et al, 2017;Johari et al, 2017). Lightning-related fatalities are higher in developing countries, with an estimated range of 6,000 to 24,000 deaths annually in the world (Holle, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Various Types of Lightning Observed in Mountainous Region Recorded from Kathmandu, Nepal

Adhikari

2023

J. Inst. Sci. Tech.

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Vertical electric fields of lightning, generated by thunderstorms manifest on the rugged terrain in the mountainous vicinity of Kathmandu, Nepal. Diverse forms of lightning occurrences have been meticulously documented from a hill station in Kathmandu spanning a three-year interval, commencing from 2015 through 2017. Throughout this duration, cloud-to-cloud lightning discharges constituted 62.8% of the occurrences, while cloud-to-ground lightning discharges accounted for 20.4%. Additionally, 9.5% of the observed events were characterized as unusual lightning phenomena, and 2.9% were attributed to breakdown events. The elevated hills and tall structures inherent to the mountainous landscape significantly influence lightning activity, contributing to a heightened frequency of ground flashes in contrast to other areas.

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“…To find the discovered properties, researchers used different instruments with the help of fast optical and electromagnetic instruments. Some previously unrecognized lightning signatures have been identified later on, such as, Compact Intra-Cloud Discharges (CIDs) [1,2]; Narrow Bipolar Pulses (NBPs) [3]; Isolated Breakdown Pulses (IBPs) [4,5]; Transient luminous sig-natures observed in the middle and upper atmosphere [6,7]; Unusual lightning [8]; Different features of cloud flashes [9,10,11]; Preliminary breakdown pulses [12,13]; Different features of positive CG lightning [14,15] and so on. A sudden occurrence of a violent discharge of steam and volcanic material from certain regions of land, mountains, or water bodies is known as a volcanic eruption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discharging Phenomena in different types of Lightning

Adhikari

2022

J. Nep. Phys. Soc.

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There are two charge regions and charges can transfer from one region to another region. For lightning discharging process, the centers of two charges are separated by different distances and air as an insulator between them. The methods of the process of charge formation in differ-ent types of lightning are different. In volcanic lightning, it form closer to the ground and dis-charging process occurs between the two charge regions as the normal thunderstorm lightning does. The steeped leader starts at the structure and propagates upward in nuclear lightning. Their direction of branching is also upward and the return strokes do not initiate from upward moving leaders. It is similar to upward initiated thunderstorm lightning flashes from tall struc-tures and forms in several kilometers. In Earthquake lightning, a shifting of the positive and negative charge centers in the material, which then results in an external electric field. Even the different lightning signatures have been observed in our scientific community, the thunderstorm lightning is frequently observed and measured by the different methods such as electric field measurement, magnetic field measurement, photography and so on. Here, the method of elec-tric field measurement is used to measure the thunderstorm lightning. In all cases of lightning, the discharge phenomena take place between two different charged regions. The two regions of positive charges and negative charges are separated by a certain distance and the air between them is an insulator. When the sufficient charges store in the two charge regions, voltage is de-veloped between them. If the potential developed is sufficient for the electric breakdown of the air, then lightning phenomena occur. Hence, the discharging phenomena occur between the positive and negative charge regions for the different types of lightning.

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Unusual lightning electric field waveforms observed in Kathmandu, Nepal, and Uppsala, Sweden

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Different Measurement System of Lightning

Different Measurement System of Lightning

Various Types of Lightning Observed in Mountainous Region Recorded from Kathmandu, Nepal

Discharging Phenomena in different types of Lightning

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