Untraditional caring arrangements among parents living apart

Kitterød, Ragni Hege; Lyngstad, Jan

doi:10.4054/demres.2012.27.5

Cited by 45 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…As several studies have pointed out, parents who practice joint physical custody differ from parents in other postseparation care arrangements in their demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. They are, for example, more likely to have a higher level of education, a higher income, a lower level of conflict, a higher level of active paternal parenting prior to separation or divorce, and closer residence to each other (e.g., Cancian, Meyer, Brown, & Cook, ; Cashmore et al., ; Juby et al., ; Kitterød & Lyngstad, ; Masardo, ; Sodermans, Matthijs, & Swicegood, ). Even in countries, states, and regions where the prevalence of joint physical custody arrangements of separated or divorced parents is about 30%, parents are socioeconomically better off in comparison to those who practice sole physical custody (Bakker & Mulder, ; Fransson, Låftman, Östberg, Hjern, & Bergström, ; Melli & Brown, ).…”

Section: Joint Physical Custody: Effects On Children's and Parents’ Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children's and Parents’ Well‐Being in Joint Physical Custody: A Literature Review

2018

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Joint physical custody (JPC), a parental care arrangement in which a child lives with each parent for at least 25-50% of the time after separation or divorce, is increasingly common in many Western societies. This is a major shift from the standard of sole physical custody, with mostly mothers providing primary childcare after a parental separation or divorce. The increasing share of separated or divorced parents who practice JPC, which in some countries, US states, and regions reaches 30% and more, results from increasing gender equality due to mothers participating considerably in the labor force and fathers being actively involved in their children's daily lives. This review focuses on the effects of JPC on children's and parents' well-being, based on 40 studies from North America, Australia, and Europe published between 2007 and 2018. In sum, there is empirical evidence from different countries that suggests that JPC arrangements can have positive effects on the well-being of children and of parents. However, the existing studies are conceptually, methodologically, and contextually very heterogeneous. In addition, self-selected highly educated parents with a high socio-economic status, a low conflict level, and children between the ages of 6-15 practicing JPC dominate the samples. Thus, the risks and benefits of JPC are not clear yet and are heavily debated by advocates and academics. The review concludes with suggestions for future research.

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Section: Joint Physical Custody: Effects On Children's and Parents’ Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children's and Parents’ Well‐Being in Joint Physical Custody: A Literature Review

2018

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“…This residential pattern appears to be less common in Norway, but, following a new law in 2010 that gives courts the power to impose joint physical custody even against the will of a parent, Kitterød and Lyngstad (2012) expect an increase in joint physical custody arrangements. In France "residence alternée" was legalized in 2002 (Kesteman 2007(Kesteman , 2008.…”

Section: Joint Physical Custody: Overview Of the Belgian And Internatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies, mostly conducted in the U.S. or Canada, have shown that joint physical custody parents were more highly educated and had higher incomes than sole mother or sole father custody families (Cancian and Meyer 1998;Fox and Kelly 1995;Shiller 1986;Mcintosh 2009). Higher educated parents were more likely to be aware of this custody arrangement (Donnelly and Finkelhor 1993) and were better able to pay the costs of this relatively expensive custody arrangement (Juby et al 2005;Kitterød and Lyngstad 2012;Melli, Brown, and Cancian 1997;Pearson and Thoennes 1990). Educational homogamy and relative income levels between ex-partners may also be important in understanding residential decisions, because these factors are linked to the distribution of power between the two parents.…”

Section: Correlates Of Custody Arrangementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of joint physical custody families in Flanders

Sodermans¹,

Matthijs²,

Swicegood³

2013

DemRes

123

151

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“…In Norway, as in many Western countries (see, e.g., Cancian et al, ; Juby, Le Bourdais, & Marcil‐Gratton, ; Smyth et al, ), shared residence has typically been practiced primarily by a small select group of separated parents: those with a high socioeconomic standing who report low levels of interparental conflict (Kitterød & Lyngstad, ). But with the prevalence of shared residence steadily increasing, there has been concern that parents in high conflict and with fewer socioeconomic resources are now also opting for a shared residence arrangement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shared Residence Among Parents Living Apart in Norway

Kitterød¹,

Wiik²

2017

Family Court Review

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Over the last decade there has been a dramatic increase in shared residence for children among parents living apart in Norway, and a related shift away from mother sole custody. Currently, three in ten children in separated families have shared residence, compared to less than 10 percent at the beginning of the century. This likely reflects several factors, including more symmetrical parenting practices in intact families in Norway, policy measures that promote a more equal division of practical care and economic provision among separated parents, and pressure from fathers groups. Shared residence is most widespread among those from high socioeconomic backgrounds. Parents living apart with shared residence generally report better cooperation and less conflict than sole custody parents; typically agree on shared residence without the use of mediation or the involvement of the court; and report gender-equal caring practices prior to separation. There are no indications in Norway that shared residence is a less stable residential arrangement than mother or father sole custody -but the data are somewhat limited. Key points for the Family Court Community: In the 2000s there has been a dramatic increase in shared residence for children among parents living apart in Norway, and a related shift away from mother sole custody. Shared residence after separation has typically been exercised by parents with higher socioeconomic resources who report low levels of inter-parent conflict. Recently, however, shared residence has become more widespread in most groups of Norwegian parents. In 2012, around one in four shared residence parents in Norway reported a moderate or high level of inter-parent conflict. Shared residence appears to be a relatively stable post-separation parenting arrangement in Norway, and 80% of mothers and 86% of fathers with shared residence reported no change in their parenting arrangement after separation. More equal parenting roles among separated parents is an important political ambition for the current Norwegian Government. FCR 55(4) -SHARED RESIDENCE AMONG PARENTS LIVING APART IN NORWAY2

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Untraditional caring arrangements among parents living apart

Cited by 45 publications

References 25 publications

Children's and Parents’ Well‐Being in Joint Physical Custody: A Literature Review

Children's and Parents’ Well‐Being in Joint Physical Custody: A Literature Review

Characteristics of joint physical custody families in Flanders

Shared Residence Among Parents Living Apart in Norway

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