Untersuchungen zur Blatt- und Blütenentwicklung bei Galium aparine L. (Rubiaceae)

Pötter, Ulrich; Klopfer, K.

doi:10.1016/s0367-2530(17)30256-6

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Plants of population N2 usually had one leaflet more at the fifth whorl and two leaflets more at the 10th whorl, occasionally even 10 leaflets at the 10th whorl. This corresponds to the results of Pötter and Klopfer (1987) who found that in the middle of the stem there were up to 10 leaflets per whorl.…”

Section: Number Of Leaflets Per Whorlsupporting

confidence: 91%

Morphological differences, molecular characterization, and herbicide sensitivity of catchweed bedstraw (Galium aparine) populations

Hübner

Fykse²,

Hurle

et al. 2003

Weed Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plants of catchweed bedstraw from different Norwegian locations and from three other countries were compared with respect to morphological factors, herbicide sensitivity, and genetic variation. For the morphological comparison of cotyledons, whorls, leaves, and fruits five populations, grown outdoors but sheltered from rain, were used. Plants from Belgium and Sweden showed a high similarity, whereas one Norwegian population differed significantly in nearly all parameters. The same populations were used for a comparison of the sensitivity to the herbicide mecoprop-P. In this study, only slight differences appeared between the five populations. Finally, a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions was performed. The entire sequence of the ITS1 and ITS2 and the 5.8S subunit of ribosomal DNA were obtained from 15 populations (12 from Norway and one each from Sweden, Belgium, and Germany). The sequences had a length between 590 and 662 base pairs; intraspecific length variation was observed. Based on six insertions–deletions and 26 nucleotide substitutions, two DNA types could be distinguished. The first type consisted of eight Norwegian populations, whereas the second one contained the other seven populations including all non-Norwegian populations. The sequence alignments were used to build a phylogenetic tree. The results of the morphological comparison mostly corresponded with the results of the ITS sequence analysis. The variation was only to some extent correlated with the geographic distribution of the populations.

show abstract

Section: Number Of Leaflets Per Whorlsupporting

confidence: 91%

Morphological differences, molecular characterization, and herbicide sensitivity of catchweed bedstraw (Galium aparine) populations

Hübner

Fykse²,

Hurle

et al. 2003

Weed Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another study on Galium aparine (Pötter & Klopfer, 1987) confirmed the initial development of decussate leaf primordia, and the development of two meristems at a node on either side of the leaf primordia at the same time. This meristem later divides into one to four primordia, resulting in what has been termed "leaf-like stipules."…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…In this study, the only difference between leaves and leaf-like stipules is the initiation of the leaves from the shoot apical meristem and their slightly advanced growth. Because the leaves and leaf-like stipules develop from different meristems and develop independently, Pötter & Klopfer (1987) suggest that these leaf-like stipules could be termed differently.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular systematics of tribe Rubieae (Rubiaceae): Evolution of major clades, development of leaf–like whorls, and biogeography

Soza

Olmstead

2010

TAXON

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rubieae are centered in temperate regions and characterized by whorls of leaf-like structures on their stems. Previous studies that primarily included Old World taxa identified seven major clades with no resolution between and within clades. In this study, a molecular phylogeny of the tribe, based on three chloroplast regions (rpoB-trnC, trnC-psbM, trnL-trnF-ndhJ) from 126 Old and New World taxa, is estimated using parsimony and Bayesian analyses. Seven major clades are strongly supported within the tribe, confirming previous studies. Relationships within and between these seven major clades are also strongly supported. In addition, the position of Callipeltis, a previously unsampled genus, is identified. The resulting phylogeny is used to examine geographic distribution patterns and evolution of leaf-like whorls in the tribe. An Old World origin of the tribe is inferred from parsimony and likelihood ancestral state reconstructions. At least eight subsequent dispersal events into North America occurred from Old World ancestors. From one of these dispersal events, a radiation into North America, followed by subsequent diversification in South America, occurred. Parsimony and likelihood ancestral state reconstructions infer the ancestral whorl morphology of the tribe as composed of six organs. Whorls composed of four organs are derived from whorls with six or more organs. Transitions between four and six or more organs per whorl are common within the tribe, whereas reduction to two leaves at a node is derived and rare.

show abstract

“…Many botanists since Eichler (1861) accepted stipules as basal subunits of the leaf itself. However, it is heuristically better to accept stipules of various dicotyledonous families (e.g., Cunoniaceae, Leguminosae, Rubiaceae) as additional nodal outgrowths that may repeat the developmental pathway of a leaf nearby (Rutishauser and Sattler 1986;Pö tter and Klopfer 1987). Especially interfoliar (interpetiolar) stipules placed in the radii between whorled leaves can be viewed as lateral repetition of a leaf of the same node (Rutishauser 1985;Rutishauser and Dickison 1989).…”

Section: Fuzziness Of Organ Identitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymerous Leaf Whorls in Vascular Plants: Developmental Morphology and Fuzziness of Organ Identities

Rutishauser

1999

International Journal of Plant Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In vascular plants there are at least eight ways to develop polymerous whorls, i.e., whorls with four or more leaves. Six ways are presented and compared with literature to estimate organ identity (morphological significance) of the leaflike whorl members. New shoots (also seedlings) may start with dimerous or trimerous whorls. Then leaf number per whorl rises as follows: (1) Many taxa add more leaves per whorl continuously with increasing size of the apical meristem (e.g., Equisetum, Hippuris). (2) Taxa provided with interpetiolar stipules replace their stipules by leaves (e.g., Galium and allies). (3) Taxa with the capacity to form compound leaves shift basal leaflets around the whole node (e.g., Limnophila, probably also Ceratophyllum). Various whorled plants start shoot development with leaf inception along a helix, which is continued into the whorled region. Then polymerous whorls develop as follows: (4) Acacia longipedunculata forms helically arranged fascicles instead of single leaves before the production of complete whorls. (5) Acacia baueri and Acacia verticillata add supernumerary leaves between a first series of helically arranged leaves. (6) Hydrothrix produces an annular bulge around the node of each first-formed leaf. All additional leaves of a whorl arise on this annular bulge. Leaf identity of whorl members cannot be defined unequivocally in whorls with asynchronous (i.e., nonsimultaneous) development, dorsoventral distribution of lateral buds, and/or fewer vascular traces than leaves per node. It is heuristically stimulating to accept structural categories (e.g., shoot, leaf, leaflet, stipule) as fuzzy concepts, as developmental pathways that may overlap to some degree, leading to developmental mosaics (intermediates). For example, the whorled leaves of Utricularia purpurea resemble whole shoots, corroborating Arber's partial-shoot theory.

show abstract

Untersuchungen zur Blatt- und Blütenentwicklung bei Galium aparine L. (Rubiaceae)

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Morphological differences, molecular characterization, and herbicide sensitivity of catchweed bedstraw (Galium aparine) populations

Morphological differences, molecular characterization, and herbicide sensitivity of catchweed bedstraw (Galium aparine) populations

Molecular systematics of tribe Rubieae (Rubiaceae): Evolution of major clades, development of leaf–like whorls, and biogeography

Polymerous Leaf Whorls in Vascular Plants: Developmental Morphology and Fuzziness of Organ Identities

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About