Untersuchungen zum wirtschaftlichen und kulturellen Hintergrund der deutschamerikanischen Urbanisierung im 19. Jahrhundert

Who Went South? The German Ethnic Niche in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres

“…On the macrolevel, one sees evidence in the fact that areas of heavy migration to South America (which primarily meant Brazil in the mid-nineteenth century) were scattered rather haphazardly across the map of Prussia. However, from one decade to the next, there was a good deal of continuity in the proportion of a district's emigration that was directed southward (Kamphoefner 1999(Kamphoefner , 2000. 7 As will be shown in greater detail, German immigration to Brazil appears rather similar to its counterpart in the rural Midwest, both in its social composition and in its patterns of settlement and acculturation.…”

“…177-200. Kamphoefner (2009) presents a skeptical take on the effects of propaganda and recruitment efforts. More recently, the prevalence and importance of chain migration has been relativized but not refuted by Krebber (2014: esp.…”

“…Nearly all cases 12. Some preliminary work on these issues was published in Spanish and German versions; Kamphoefner (1999) and Kamphoefner (2000).…”

“…13. For a more detailed regional characterization see Kamphoefner (1995). specify a continent of destination, but only one-fifth or so also include more details such as the country, state, or town, which had to be deciphered and classified.…”

“… 2. For contradictory evidence see Kamphoefner (1992: 129–43). E.g., barely half of the immigrants from the city-state of Hamburg settled in the 50 largest American cities.…”