Untersuchungen über die Wirkung einiger Redoxyfarbstoffe bei Zuständen gestörter Atmung

A Study of Some of the Physiological Effects of Sulfanilamide. Ii. Methemoglobin Formation and Its Control

“…He feels that the action takes place by means of the reversible oxidation-reduction system of thionin-leucothionin, the system of hemoglobin-methemoglobin being shifted in favor of hemoglobin. In an earlier investigation (7), he reported the effectiveness of both thionin and methylene blue (tetramethyl-thionin-HCl) as an antidote in methemoglobin poisoning, but at that time was in doubt as to the nature of the mechanism involved.…”

The dilemma of approving antidotes

“…The extensive use of methylene blue in biochemical research (Warburg et al, 1930) contributed to the rapid acceptance of this antidote (Wendel, 1939). Similar redox carriers, such as toluidine blue (Friehoff and Lobemann, 1952) or thionine (Hauschild, 1936) have never gained such a popularity, and only few attempts have been made to compare their efficacy (Hauschild, 1936;Kiese et al, 1972). In vitro experiments with human erythrocytes indicate that toluidine blue is superior to methylene blue and thionine (Stenzel, 1994).…”