Untersuchungen über die Entwicklung der Hortegaschen Mikroglia des Menschen

Juba, Adolf

doi:10.1007/bf01789990

Cited by 33 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Confusion existed only when inadequate staining methods were employed and when the later evolution of these elongated spongioblasts was not examined critically. Juba (1933) reached similar conclusions regarding Pruijs's rod cells.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 70%

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Genesis of Microglia in the Human Brain

Kershman¹

1939

Arch NeurPsych

108

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Finally, Juba (1933) demonstrated the presence of microglia in a series of human embryos ranging in crown-rump length from 23 to 280 mm. The various cell forms, varying from ameboid elements to mature branched forms, were seen.…”

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Genesis of Microglia in the Human Brain

Kershman¹

1939

Arch NeurPsych

108

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“…Normal Brain The view that microglial cells are derived from monocytes was proposed by Santha and Juba (1933) and Juba (1934). The hypothesis had remained elusive until it caught the attention of Leblond and his co-workers in the 1970s.…”

Section: Monocytic Origin Of Microgliamentioning

confidence: 98%

Origin of microglia

Kaur

Hao

et al. 2001

Microscopy Res & Technique

152

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This paper reviews the various proposed hypotheses on the origin of microglia. The seminal study of del Rio-Hortega first stated that the cells were derived from the mesodermal pial cells that invaded the brain during embryonic development. Along with this was the description of precursor cells in the yolk sac in early development. Our results in the embryonic mouse brain have shown the occurrence of lectin-labelled precursor cells at the yolk sac that later appeared in the mesenchymal tissue associated with the neuroepithelium where they penetrated the nervous tissue to become the microglia. A second major view has held that microglia are of neuroectodermal origin; the cells either originate from glioblasts or the germinal matrix. Another school of thought is that microglia are derived from blood monocytes. In this connection, circulating monocytes enter the developing brain to assume the form as amoeboid microglia that subsequently evolve to become the ramified microglia. In traumatic brain lesions following an intravenous injection of colloidal carbon as a cytoplasmic marker for monocytes, it was found that carbon-labelled monocytes were the main source of brain macrophages, some of which transformed into microglia during the healing process. In conclusion, our results derived from the normal and altered brain development as well as from experimental lesions tend to favour the view of the monocytic nature of microglia. Recent studies by us also point to the possibility that some microglial cells may arise from the pial mesenchymal macrophages that appear to originate from the yolk sac precursors.

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“…Although occasional mononuclear phagocytes have been identified in the CNS at very early stages of gestation, even before vascularisation [55,56], these tend to be isolated cells, and the main phase of colonisation occurs within the second trimester of development in the telencephalon and a few weeks earlier in the spinal cord [56,57]. In man and a variety of other species, including cat, dog, and rat, the timing of the major influx of microglia appears to correlate with vascularisation of the CNS [28][29][30]. At birth, microglia are extensively distributed throughout all areas of the brain by which time they have started to develop the characteristic distribution and the ramified phenotype seen in resting adult microglia (reviewed in Rezaie and Male [5]).…”

Section: Timing and Location Of Colonisation In Manmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following the initial observational studies carried out in man [28][29][30], work on the origin of microglia was continued principally in rodents [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. A view has now emerged that essentially assigns the origin of these cells as bloodderived mononuclear phagocytes, whose phenotype is determined by the CNS microenvironment [27].…”

Section: Colonisation Of the Cns By Microgliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation, Ramification and Distribution of Microglia within the Central Nervous System Examined

Rezaie

Male

2001

Neuroembryol Aging

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The central nervous system contains several populations of mononuclear phagocytes. Principal amongst these are the tissue-resident microglia. These cells are considered to derive from circulating blood progenitors that colonise the developing human nervous system in the second trimester of fetal life. They first appear as amoeboid forms and gradually differentiate to process-bearing ‘ramified’ forms with maturation. Signals driving this transformation are known to be partly derived from astrocytes in vitro, and amoeboid microglial cells progressively ramify when co-cultured with astrocytes, mirroring the ‘differentiation’ of microglia in situ during development. In the adult, microglia occupy distinct non-overlapping territories in their ramified conformations, and are capable of ‘dedifferentiating’ to their activated amoeboid morphological states in a number of pathological circumstances. This is in keeping with the capacity of these cells for a rapid response to inflammatory cues in the CNS. The interchangeable morphological continuum of these cells supports the view that microglia represent a single heterogeneous population of resident mononuclear phagocytes capable of marked plasticity. This review will discuss signals that drive the colonisation, differentiation and ramification of microglia, and examines hypothetical models for their spatial distribution in the adult nervous system.

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Untersuchungen über die Entwicklung der Hortegaschen Mikroglia des Menschen

Cited by 33 publications

References 10 publications

Genesis of Microglia in the Human Brain

Genesis of Microglia in the Human Brain

Origin of microglia

Differentiation, Ramification and Distribution of Microglia within the Central Nervous System Examined

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