Untersuchungen an tiefschmelzenden Salzen

Walden, P.; Ulich, H.; Birr, E. J.

doi:10.1515/zpch-1927-0102

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In this way a re-evaluation of the measurements of Walden et al (19276) on the conductivity of molten picrates has disclosed discontinuities in those compounds which were supercooled. Propyl-, amyl-and heptyl ammonium picrates show the effect well in both log k, l/T and v, k plots.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discontinuities in the physical properties of supercooled liquids

Greenwood

Martin

1952

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A

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The viscosity, electrical conductivity and density of several liquids have been measured over a range of temperatures both above and below the melting-point. The results confirm that the activation energy of viscous flow is greater in the supercooled state than in the normal liquid, the slope of the log η , 1/ T graphs increasing by about 10% on passing into the supercooled region. In the series of liquids formed by co-ordinating boron trifluoride to acetic acid and its methyl, ethyl, n -propyl and n -butyl esters the effect increases with the chain length of the alkyl radical. A similar discontinuity in the log k , 1/ T curves indicates that the activation energy for ionic migration is also greater in the supercooled than in the normal state. Although this discontinuity in electrical conductivity has not been noted previously, it is shown to be implied in the numerical results of earlier authors. In contradistinction to viscosity and electrical conductivity, the density varies linearly with temperature over the whole range. These results are discussed in relation to the published data on the other physical properties of supercooled liquids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discontinuities in the physical properties of supercooled liquids

Greenwood

Martin

1952

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A

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“…3 The conductivity of concentrated aqueous electrolyte solutions, which has been increasingly studied in recent years, has been considered as an extension of the theory of dilute solutions, such as the decrease in conductivity due to ion-pair formation. On the other hand, since the Walden rule was proposed for the correlation between viscosity 4 and conductivity 5−7 of viscous electrolyte solutions, 8−10 many researchers including Angell, 11,12 Watanabe, 13,14 and others have studied ionic conductivity not only in concentrated electrolyte solutions but also in molten salts, ionic liquids, and gel electrolytes from the viewpoint that ionic interactions affect physical properties.…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…-Not suitable for small samples because all four electrodes must be in contact (immersed) with the sample. (3)(4) cm distance between electrodes is required.) -Not suitable for flow method.…”

Section: Appendix Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Conductivity Measurement of Electrolyte Solution

Mizuhata

2022

Electrochemistry

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Methods for measuring and analyzing the electrical conductivity of electrolyte solutions are reviewed.The accuracy of conductivity measurements, which have been around for more than 100 years, depends on the physical properties related to ionic conductivity, especially the concentration of the reference material, the electrical signal at the time of measurement, and the temperature, each of which has been redefined each time according to changes in definitions and standards. This article summarizes elemental factors in electrical conductivity measurement, including the concentration and traceability of potassium chloride as a reference material, the history of the bridge method and types of measuring cells, and important notes and recent topics regarding the concept of temperature dependence.

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Der molekulare Zustand von Salzen in Lösungen (Schluß)

Ulich

Birr

1928

Angewandte Chemie

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Untersuchungen an tiefschmelzenden Salzen

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Discontinuities in the physical properties of supercooled liquids

Discontinuities in the physical properties of supercooled liquids

Electrical Conductivity Measurement of Electrolyte Solution

Der molekulare Zustand von Salzen in Lösungen (Schluß)

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